Ingenieur Vol.82 April-June2020 | Page 72

SPECIAL REPORT INGENIEUR INNOVATION IN WASTE-TO- ENERGY IN PALM OIL MILLS “Two Roads Diverged in A Wood And I – I Took The One Less Traveled By, And That Has Made All The Difference” – Robert Frost, 1916 By Ir. Dr K S Kannan ISI Ventures Sdn Bhd, UTM Ir. Krishna Moorthy Palanisamy Rank Tower Sdn Bhd Waste-to-Wealth (WtW) promotes a sustainable lifestyle where waste valorisation is not just a means to harness intrinsic economic and environment benefits, but also for spurring the development of new technologies, jobs and sustainable livelihoods. WtW depends on how one views it. In engineering practice, operational waste refers to the inefficient and wasteful use of resources in the production of goods and services. Resource efficiency is a measure of the economic and environmental impacts associated with resource use. We already use more resources than the planet is capable of regenerating. So, we have to find ways to utilise less energy, water, materials, and other resources in general. Issues such as climate change, energy waste and resource scarcity have been under the spotlight, demanding urgent international attention. We need radical innovation to develop new technologies and new business models to keep pace with world trends and concerns on these issues. Time is running out to prevent catastrophic (some believe irreversible) climate change, which research has shown to be caused largely by the burning of fossil-based fuels. The world is, therefore, racing to find alternatives to traditional forms of energy that are also depleting. At the same time, we are obliged to make the most out of precious resources, waste as little as possible and find ways to repurpose whatever waste is unavoidable. Most WtW initiatives tend to focus on end-ofpipe measures, which do not deal with waste by “stopping” the production of it. Instead, they simply deal with the waste that is output from the process, which is what comes out at the “end of the pipe”. This article puts forward the premise that topof-pipe initiatives can be just as promising, and perhaps even more. But it is a path less travelled since it would involve considerable creativity and innovation, and more importantly, a keen eye to spot the “unseen”. Known also as the Zero Waste concept, it refers to waste prevention as opposed to end-of-pipe waste management, and it is a paradigm shift that is slowly taking place. This approach is useful to help uncover wastes that are obscure and not readily visible. 70 VOL 82 APRIL-JUNE 2020