Ingenieur Vol.82 April-June2020 | Page 51

Figure 2: National Recycling Rate 2005-2018, Solid Waste Management Malaysia Compendium 2019, SWCorp in reducing Government spending to manage solid waste disposal, minimising reliance on site disposal and at the same time helped cut down the production of carbon footprint. Outstandingly, as seen in Figure 3, in 2018 the percentage of plastics waste recycled recorded the secondhighest (30.79%) after waste paper (40.80%) as compared to other solid waste materials. On top of that, a comprehensive Communication, Education and Public Awareness Plan on active promotion of the Reduce-Reuse-Recycle (3Rs) principle with participation from the public, private, and community stakeholders has been developed and continuously deployed by KPKT. On the other hand, in 2018, the Ministry of Energy, Science, Technology, Environment and Climate Change (MESTECC) unveiled a roadmap to reduce the usage of single-use plastic in Malaysia to zero by 2030 [7]. For 2019, the Ministry enforced a pollution charge on single-use plastic. Effective March 15, 2019, a 20 cent pollution charge was imposed on customers for each plastic bag purchased within the Federal Territories. Similar efforts were introduced in selected states such as Selangor and Penang. The move was initially implemented on selected days and gradually increased to every single day in a year. The roadmap also targeted business premises to only provide plastic straws upon request. Although the total plastic straw ban would be in place for several years, an initial effort should be carried out now. Apart from managing local plastic waste, there are emerging issues currently under the spotlight of two Ministries; KPKT and MESTECC. The importation of plastic waste saw a significant increase from RM241.7 million in 2015 to RM739.8 million in 2018. This is fuelled by Beijing’s ban of plastic waste imports into China, which came into effect in 2018 and opened up a gap in the market. Between January and July 2018, Malaysia imported more than 450 thousand tonnes of plastic waste, 40% more than for the whole of 2017 [8]. It is an international issue and one of the key challenges for this country waste management system. Not all plastic waste that ends up here can be recycled. Thus, Malaysia is now stuck with tonnes of plastic waste that will end up in landfill, a huge financial and environmental cost to bear with. 49