Ingenieur Vol.82 April-June2020 | Page 19

Conclusion - Monitoring, Measuring, Managing The statement that “proper planning and preparation prevents poor performance” is true. All construction projects must be planned properly and carefully to eliminate any sources of wastes and their consequences. The CIDB research arm, the Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM) is currently conducting research into developing a measuring tool to monitor and measure the productivity rate of construction projects in the country. The idea behind this research is to identify the essential factors or key parameters that have a huge influence on the productivity rate of construction projects. Productivity is generally defined as the relationship between output and input used to produce the output. For instance, how much manpower in one day (input) is required to produce a certain amount of concrete. However, in the construction industry, not only manpower productivity needs to be measured, but all elements related in the whole process are important to be assessed and monitored to establish the productivity level of construction works and projects. With this measuring tool, industry players, especially clients, manufacturers, contractors and developers, can properly plan their construction projects by optimising capacities to achieve optimum productivity and indirectly generate an optimum amount of waste. Acknowledgement The authors would like to acknowledge the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) Malaysia and Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM). Acknowledgement is also due to following individuals: Datuk Ir. Elias Ismail, Hj. Razuki Ibrahim, Ismail Mohd. Noor, Mohd Rizal Norman, Mohamad Razi Ahmad Suhaimi, Nurulhuda Mat Kilau, Natasha Dzulkalnine, Ihfasuziella Ibrahim, Ahmad Farhan Roslan, Syed Hamad Naguib Syed Azmi, Mohd Ikhwan Abdullah, Nuramin Baslan and Tengku Mohd Hafizi Raja Ahmad for their valuable contributions and insights into this article. REFERENCE Abdullah, S. M. (2019). Let’s move from 3R to 7R. New Straits Times. Abo-Zaid, M. A., & Othman, A. A. E. (2018). Lean Construction For Reducing Construction Waste In The Lean Construction For Reducing Construction Waste, (February). Cheng, K. J., & Mydin, M. A. O. (2014). Best Practice of Construction Waste Management and Minimization Material management is an important issue as seen in construction. Analele Universităţii “Eftimie Murgu” Reşiţa Anul, (1), 72– 84. Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia. (2015). Guidelines on Construction Waste. Guidelines on Construction Waste Management. Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2020. Malaysia Economic Performance Fourth Quarter 2019. Do, D. (2017). What is Muda, Mura, and Muri? Gay, C. (2016). 8 Wastes of Lean Manufacturing. Hamid, Z. A., Zain, M. Z. M., & Roslan, A. F. (2016). Sustainable Construction Waste Management. The Ingenieur, Vol 66(April), 62–70. https://doi.org /10.1179/1756750514Z.00000000054 Hubbard, B. (2010). Muda, Mura, and Muri. Kanban Zone. (2019). Muda, Mura, Muri. Mydin, M. A. O., Khor, J. C., & Sani, N. (2014). Approaches to Construction Waste Management in Malaysia, 4, 3–9. PEMANDU. (2015). Solid Waste Management Lab 2015. KPKT, (June), 1–432. Saadi, N., Ismail, Z., & Alias, Z. (2016). A review of construction waste management and initiatives in Malaysia. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 11(2), 101–114. SCAL. (2016). Construction Productivity In Singapore: Effective Measurement To Facilitate Improvement. ConstructionMarket-3, 172. Tam, V. W. Y., & Lu, W. (2016). Construction waste management profiles, practices, and performance: A cross-jurisdictional analysis in four countries. Sustainability (Switzerland), 8(2), 1–16. https:// doi.org/10.3390/su8020190 The Commissioner Of Law Revision, M. (2017). Laws of Malaysia Solid Waste And Public Cleansing Management Act 2007. 17