Ingenieur Vol.79 July-Sept 2019 ingenieur 2019 july-sept | Page 53

Figure 3: Causal factors in construction accidents 10 The current business models, which rely heavily on foreign workers, who are cheap, low- skilled and have a low level of education, may not only contribute to a higher number of accidents, but will stifle our effort to be a high-income and developed nation. The issue with the level of skills, knowledge and experience of construction workers may not go away in the near future, as the Bank Negara Malaysia Annual Report estimated that 75% of jobs created between 2015 and 2016 were filled by foreign workers, many of whom had only secondary school education. A good practice when appointing and employing workers is to ensure that the individual has the skill, knowledge, training and experience to carry out the task he will be instructed to do or in the process of obtaining them. Contractors should recognise that 10 training on its own may not be sufficient. Newly trained workers need to be supervised and given the opportunity to gain experience of working in a range of conditions. Sometimes, the employer may need to assess workers, who may be skilled but do not have any formal qualifications, in the actual working environment. Occupational Safety & Health in Construction Industry Management (OSHCIM) Guidelines The OSHCIM Guidelines ensure safety and health are regarded as an important integral part of a project from the pre-construction phase through to the post-construction phase. It recommends Health and Safety Executive (HSE). 2003. Causal Factors in Construction Accidents. Research Report 156. 51