Ingenieur Vol.79 July-Sept 2019 ingenieur 2019 july-sept | Page 9

controlled environment, problems typically associated with moisture, environmental hazards, and dirt, will be less likely to occur. Additionally, construction workers and the project’s eventual tenants are also less likely to be exposed to weather-related health risks. Figure 1 show a summary of the benefits of using PVM for housing construction. a) Time saving Rapid deployment on site ensures faster practical completion compared with conventional construction. Most of the construction is completed in manufacturing facilities; thus reducing on-site labour and on-site storage requirements. a) Safety a) On-site Labour Reduction a) Environmental a) Quality Most of the construction process is performed off-site. Minimal impact on the environment since most of the construction process is performed off-site. Little waste is generated, creating a lower cost, cleaner, safe, and sustainable site. Complete control over the manufacturing environment is maintained. PVMs are fitted out before transporting to the site; quick smart technology can assure a level of quality, consistency, and certainty that site-based construction can rarely offer. Figure 1: Benefits of using PVM for Housing Construction (CIDB, 2019) Figure 1: Benefits of using PVM for Housing Construction (CIDB, 2019) Types of PVMs in Housing Construction PVMs with can electrical be produced using various such as steel modules, prefab concrete aspects upfront, including the building plan, pre-fitted wiring, plumbing, heating, materials floor design layout, or floor and suitable ceiling height, doors, windows, and internal These modules, reused shipping finishes. containers, timber-based modules other materials. are commissioned prior to leaving the factory, structural design and connection, material These minimal materials are pre-fitted with quality electrical selection, wiring, plumbing, heating, doors, windows, and etc. ensuring defects and very high With to proper planning to integrate control. The finishes. PVMs are These then transported to the internal are commissioned prior leaving upfront the factory, ensuring minimal project site and carefully craned into position onto the PVM into the design layout, unique designs defects and very high quality control. The PVMs are then transported to the project site and pre-prepared foundations. Figures 2 to 5 show and different building features such as curved balconies, planters, several types of PVM material that can onto be used in façades, carefully craned into position pre-prepared foundations. Figures and 2 to non-rectangular 5 show several layouts can be implemented. However, the design housing construction. types of PVM material, which can be used in housing construction. must maximise the repetition of the PVM to realise economies of scale and take into consideration Design and Construction Process for PVM removable, non-structural partitioning walls for future renovation. Housing Construction The Architect should consider the dependency of the geometry of the constituent PVM Design Consideration for Architectural; components on a range of factors, including Structural; and Mechanical, Electrical and limitations to the structural systems needed to Plumbing (MEP) develop the architectural solution; adherence It is important that the Developer, Architect, to the desired internal planning and external Structural and MEP Engineers, Contractors, and imagery; and logistical constraints such as the PVM manufacturing specialist(s) coordinate width, height, length, and weight of the PVMs to be with each other at an early stage, as this will transported and installed on site (refer to Figures enable the team to analyse the key design 6 and 7). 7