Figure 1 : System Human Factors ( HF ) Model
regulatory guidance documents , technical standards organisations , industry groups and operating company-specific guidelines , which can provide insight into the industry ’ s practices and implementation of HFE .
Malaysian Regulatory Bodies
The Petroleum Development Act 1974 established PETRONAS as the party responsible for upstream planning , investment , regulation and governance . On the HF front , PETRONAS is subject to regulations related to occupational health and safety under the jurisdiction of DOSH [ 9 ]. However , offshore facilities owned by PETRONAS were exempted from the Factories and Machinery Act 1967 starting in 2013 to encourage self-regulation , with DOSH participation in PETRONAS ’ safety and management system committee .
However , HF risks are not consistently addressed in Malaysian laws . PETRONAS and other Government bodies have established a basic framework to address HF through technical standards , but it may not be enough as HF is not considered as comprehensively as compared to other O & G producing countries such as Norway and Australia [ 10 ]. The first challenge would be to develop HF requirements for Malaysian O & G personnel through industry based research and studies , followed by aligning these requirements with existing legislative instruments .
International Technical Standards Organisations
1 . International Organisation for Standardisation ( ISO ) ISO works with national standards organisations to simplify industrial standards worldwide , with 154
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