INGENIEUR
Due to our lack of public transport culture , Malaysians spend an average of 10 % of their disposable income on transport .
unnecessary transport infrastructure problems , increased energy costs , and raised pollution levels related to greenhouse gas emissions . Due to our lack of public transport culture , Malaysians spend an average of 10 % of their disposable income on transport , compared with only 4 % in Tokyo and Hong Kong . Traffic congestion in the greater Klang Valley is costing Malaysia 1.1 % to 2.2 % loss in GDP every year . The transport sector emits 20 % of our greenhouse gases and land transport is its biggest contributor .
The 12 th Malaysia Plan seeks to encourage a behavioural shift from private to public transport and targets an annual growth rate of 5 % for public transport ridership in the Klang Valley . Travel patterns of the population will be continuously analysed to provide appropriate public transport services . These measures will improve national productivity , facilitate economic growth and improve the well-being of the people .
REFERENCE Ministry of Transport Statistics , 1985 - 2021
Public bus passenger demographic and travel characteristics A Study of Public Bus Passenger Profile in Kota Bharu , Kelantan , by Madzlan Napiah and Ir . Noorfakhriah Yaakub , 2011
Mode Share Study , Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat , 2012-2015
Land Public Transport Master Plan 2030 , September 2012
Monitoring and modelling of urban sprawl through remote sensing and GIS in Kuala Lumpur , by Mukesh Singh Boori , Maik Netzband , Komal Choudhary and Vít Voženílek , 2015
Prasarana mode share data , 2016-2018
16 VOL 92 OCTOBER-DECEMBER 2022