Figure 5 : Publications of different CI methods for power transformer fault detection and diagnosis from 2010-2021
deformation can cause serious malfunctions . Transformer short circuit accidents do great harm to the operation of the power grid system . Another safety hazard is the overload operation of the transformers . To avoid the occurrence of accidents , effective control measures must be taken from various aspects to ensure the safe and stable operation of the transformer and the power grid system . Therefore , applying CI methods to perform online or offline control measurements of power transformer faults , especially internal faults , is a powerful tool to provide predictive maintenance actions for engineers . The CI algorithms can protect the power transformer and improve the security of the working environment for both the power grid and engineers .
Power Quality
Power quality includes four related terms : Voltage Quality , Current Quality , Supply Quality , Consumption Quality . Poor power quality has a significant negative impact on industrial processes and the commercial sector . From the perspective of power quality , the needs of industrial processes are different , and each approach has specific weaknesses in terms of power quality attributes . Important power quality considerations for industrial end-user centres are costs associated with machine downtime , clean-up costs , product quality , and equipment failures .
The primary method of recognising and identifying power quality is based on visual inspection of the disturbance waveform , which may
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