Figure 8 : Roles and responsibilities of actors for implementing quadruple helix innovation in Construction 4.0 strategic plan .
for future society . The quadruple helix approach in Construction 4.0 Strategic Plan promotes an open platform for relevant stakeholders to participate in decision-making and innovative processes . Four main actors involved in the quadruple helix include Government bodies ( public authorities , regional development agencies , and policymakers ), industry , academia , and citizens ( Hasche et al . 2020 ; Schütz , Heidingsfelder , and Schraudner 2019 ; Värmland County Administrative Board and Värmland County Administrative Board 2018 ). The strategic plan highlights how the four key actors need to work collaboratively in the innovation system .
Due to rapid changes with more emerging technologies produced in the future , an in-depth understanding of every technology is critical before implementation ( Lau et al . 2019 ). The foundation to embark on any technologies and innovative solutions should be determined by the user ’ s needs and the problems that need to be solved . New solutions developed will create value for both users and relevant stakeholders based on the user needs and problems . With the concept of useroriented innovations embedded in the Construction 4.0 strategic plan , the definition of users in the quadruple helix approach remains vague . According to Hasche et al . ( 2020 ), users are not only limited to society or citizens , but users also can be found in all of the three actors of Government , industry , and academia . The concept of end-users includes the users who will use the output of the valuecreating process . However , it is important to ensure that all quadruple helix actors are involved from the beginning of the innovation development process .
CREAM as a Centre of Excellence for digital construction
To facilitate and implement the quadruple helix approach , CREAM aims to develop a platform to create and improve the delivery of innovation for Construction 4.0 . The platform also will enhance co-operation between stakeholders in co-creating and disseminating advanced innovation for the nation . With the Ministry of Works and with CIDB support and a concerted effort by industry players , the initiative to digitally transform the construction industry could materialise . The construction technology , digitalisation , and innovation committee was established recently by the Ministry of Works to discuss the issues , challenges , and ways of transforming the construction industry towards digitalisation . Six technical working groups ( TWG ) were formed to discuss and obtain better insights into how the construction industry can effectively accelerate digital transformation . Under the TWG 5 , CREAM is responsible for providing an appropriate platform for quadruple helix collaboration .
A centre of excellence for digital construction facilitated by CREAM is proposed to create a comprehensive digital ecosystem to transform
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