Ingenieur Vol 78 ingenieur 2019 apr (2) | Page 30

INGENIEUR Planning Approval Stage a) Approving plans with structures on unstable ground hazard areas Planning is about the arrangement of a built environment. The planning authority is guided by the Town and Country Planning Act and several Planning Guidelines to evaluate planning submissions prepared by town planners or architects for approval. Again, some understanding of the site is important as there are still projects being approved at unsafe hill sites or ex-dump sites. Examples of these are the recent Klang Valley bungalow project on hill slope (steep slope with previous landslide in 2008) and the Lembah Subang Flats and PPR Apartment with the threat of methane gas arising from a thick waste dump beneath the ground. b) Approving a build environment on a flood prone plain Development projects on flood prone areas such as Taman Sri Muda create social problems for the residents and occupants. They also create additional burden on the local Government which has to install and maintain huge pumping facilities to pump out floodwater on a periodical basis. Recommendation a) Planning authorities should be careful when approving planning permission for new projects. Where hill slopes or sensitive areas are involved, for example ex-dump sites, wetlands and peat soil areas, they should insist on comments from PEs with relevant experience. Alternatively, town planners submitting plans for planning permission approval must attach an engineer’s report on ground suitability for hill slopes or sensitive areas. Building Plan Approval Stage a) Architects submitting building plans with structural elements Architects have been submitting building plans with structural elements such as roof trusses, 6 28 VOL 2019 VOL 78 55 APRIL-JUNE JUNE 2013 lintels or high walls while there is no clear line drawn yet on the eligibility of architects and engineers to submit plans for some structural elements. The list of projects/components issued jointly by the Board of Architects and Board of Engineers places roof trusses under List C, meaning both architects and engineers can submit plans for these. The Streets, Drainage and Building Act defines structural elements as those components of a building that carry moment and force. Although there is no reported failure of short roof trusses for houses, the long span roof truss is beyond an architect’s competence. In the case of the timber roof truss failures involving long spans and usage of splices at a Kulim property development project, both the architects and engineers tried to distant themselves from the responsibility. b) Incompetency of design engineers There are several cases where design errors have been detected during and after construction, such as a trade centre in KL, a school project in Cheras, a Government training centre building in Bangi, a private college in Petaling Jaya, a linkway bridge in Petaling Jaya, among others. In the case of two Government projects, the design engineers had only a few years’ experience and had just started their Engineering Consultancy Practice (ECP) when they obtained PE status. Error in design is a common cause where wrong parameters are used or wrong analyses are applied on a structure. Some projects were awarded to consultants without the required experience and resources to undertake complex structures such as the space frames for big complexes. There are also cases discovered by BEM Professional Practice Committee where electrical engineers signed for civil and structure plans. c) Insufficient soil investigation for geotechnical related work There have been cases where little or no sub- surface investigation was conducted for structures in a geotechnical setting. The retaining wall failures at a Kulim housing project revealed the absence of any soil investigation.