Ingenieur Vol 77 Jan-Mar 2019 ingenieur 2019 Jan-March | Page 52

INGENIEUR residents under an architecture that bases smart cities on AI and big data. Huawei helped TEDA design an AI-based 1+4+N solution, comprising one IOC, four AI platforms, and multiple applications. Huawei’s IOC functions like a city brain. The IOC processes, communicates, and mines data collected about the Government, enterprises, residents, Internet, and IoT. AI technology then enables deep analysis by this brain. The IOC co-ordinates closely with the four AI platforms to support services such as Residents’ Voices, Sensing the City, Healthcare in the Community, and Enterprise Services. Applications are based on the IOC and four platforms to develop a happiness index that measures safety, beauty, convenience, harmony, civility, and vitality, with the aim of improving life. Qingdao: Land digitalisation for smart agriculture China has just 120 million hectares of arable land and imports more than 50% of its food. The country also has 100 million hectares of saline- alkali land, of which between 13 and 20 million hectares has the potential to be transformed into fertile land to produce more grain. Seawater rice (salt-tolerant rice) can be planted on saline-alkali land, making it fertile land. 6 50 VOL 2019 VOL 77 55 JANUARY–MARCH JUNE 2013 Led by the scholar Yuan Longping, the seawater rice strain was developed by the Qingdao Seawater Rice R&D Centre, yielding in tests 9.3 tons per hectare in China and 7.5 tons per hectare in the Dubai desert. Yuan and his team want to transform around 6.7 million hectares of saline- alkali land into fertile land within eight years. This would boost China’s grain production by 30 billion tons a year and feed 80 million people - equivalent to a medium-sized European country and the number by which the population of China will increase over the next 20 years. Soil digitalisation based on Huawei’s IoT system plays a vital role in the miracle of seawater rice cultivation. Sensors on or under the ground collect information such as illumination, temperature, and salinity/alkalinity, which is then sent to Huawei’s cloud big data centre over an eLTE network. Then, suggestions on recommended pesticides, directional fertilisation, and pest and disease control are produced by the AI system, which in combination with expert diagnosis, helps to improve rice planting on the saline-alkali land and increase yields. Yuan’s team and Huawei have jointly planned and developed a fertile soil platform for smart agriculture, which is helping to move agriculture into the fourth of four development stages: In the agriculture 1.0 period, everything relies on manual labour. Agriculture 2.0 is the use of agricultural machinery. Agriculture 3.0 is fully