Ingenieur Vol 63 Ingenieur Vol 63 2015 | Page 64

INGENIEUR queries for identifying most vulnerable urban areas; ●● improved decision making by providing scientific evidence for climate change impact and mitigation measures in inaccessible areas; and ●● meeting the basic needs of MDGs by providing data to support resource management, transportation, agriculture and disaster risk management. Furthermore, space technology applications and geospatial information such as tele-medicine are indispensable in the fight against infant and maternal mortality, malaria, HIV/AIDS and other diseases identified in the MDGs. KEY CONTRIBUTIONS OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS Contributions to MDGs During the past 10 years, it has been fully recognized that space-referenced information systems, when used appropriately to take into account the differing needs of people, are central to facilitating the achievement of all MDGs. Earth observation data and the convergence of the nature and application of satellite data with airborne data could also be used in the generation of digital elevation models, (DEMs) for mapping. The advances in GIS, associated GIS software, and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have helped to make geospatial information a major source of data for Government, commerce and industry. The collective progress in this type of technology is important in eradicating poverty, creating jobs and promoting the achievement of several MDGs. The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) 10 Year Implementation Plan demonstrated the possible applications in the sectors of development as seen in Table 1. Table 1 is a comprehensive summary of the potential benefits of GEOSS. It is apparent that GEOSS is a powerful tool in combating poverty (MDG 1) through its contribution to sustained economic growth, enhanced market efficiency, and creation of employment opportunities. For example, the application of space technology in agriculture has the potential to increase food 6 62 VOL – JUNE VOL62 55APRIL JUNE 20132015 production through better soil management, eco-efficient water resource management and efficient irrig