INGENIEUR
Figure 2 : The structure of an Artificial Neural Network ( ANN ) ( Huang et al ., 2021 ).
to recognise specific patterns and trends for a particular problem .
Integration of Big Data Analytics for Smart Environment
With Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) playing a pivotal role in the development of intelligent city-wide systems and smart solutions , quantitative information can be crucial for air quality monitoring and gas detection . Learning-based AI , also called Machine Learning ( ML ), has enormous potential in solving smart city issues . It is an AI technique wherein computers are able to learn from experience or data , identify patterns , and make decisions without human intervention .
A type of deep learning technique called the Artificial Neural Network ( ANN ) can be used for complex analyses in various industries . An ANN is a layered structure with inter-connected neurons , mimicking the biological brain . A typical model of an ANN is shown in Figure 2 . The structure of the ANN typically consists of the input , output , and hidden layers . Each neuron is connected to another , transmitting signals from one to the other . The connection weight between the two neurons characterises the strength of the connection . To increase the accuracy of the ANN model , the number of hidden layers and neurons can be
28 VOL 93 JANUARY-MARCH 2023