Figure 4 : Gross Generated Electricity at Power Plants by Fuel Type mix for Year 2018
Malaysia ’ s final primary energy consumption for year 2018 is 64,658 kilo-tonnes of oil equivalent ( ktoe ), which is equivalent to 752,000 GWh of energy ( or 2,707,200 TeraJoules ) [ Ref . 2 ].
Out of this final primary energy consumption — which includes sectors comprising transportation , industry ( manufacturing , construction & mining ), non-energy use , commercial-residential and agriculture — electricity consumption ( secondary derived / transformed energy ) is 13,153 ktoe or 153,000GWh , which is about 20.3 %. On a per capita basis , electricity consumption is 4721kWh per person , while electricity consumption intensity is 0.112GWh per GDP .
Figure 2 shows the electricity consumption by sector in year 2018 . In order to meet this final electricity consumption of 153,000GWh nationwide , primary fuel inputs into the power plants totalling 38,724 ktoe ( Figure 3 ), equivalent to 450,360GWh of energy , were harnessed to generate gross electricity output of 163,366GWh at the power plants terminals as shown in Figure 4 .
In terms of overall input-output energy efficiency for this electricity ecosystem demandgeneration balance , the figure is about 36.3 %. The relatively high efficiency performance of the combine-cycle gas turbine power plants compared to that of coal-fired power plants is also evident from these figures .
All these statistics are sourced from National Energy Balance Report 2018 , Suruhanjaya Tenaga , Malaysia . [ Ref . 2 ]
From Figure 3 , the diversification of fuel mix index ( Herfindahl-Hirschman Index ) is calculated as {[( 0.53 ) x ( 0.53 )] + [( 0.3 ) x ( 0.3 )] + [( 0.16 ) x ( 0.16 )] + [( 0.07 ) x ( 0.07 )]} = 0.39 , which is below the 0.4 target , and provides enough reserve margin for the day-to-day demand-generation balancing .
Figure 5 shows typical daily load pattern for Peninsular Malaysia power system grid taken in August 2019 . Of particular interest is the relatively small participation of RE Solar PV energy / power dispatch in this electricity demand-generation balance ecosystem . Also , note the rather small energy- limited contribution of existing operational Peninsular Malaysia large hydro-electric power plants in this typical daily load energy / power dispatch .
The Government has set a target of 20 % RE capacity generation mix for Malaysia from year 2025 to 2030 , and for Peninsular Malaysia , RE Solar PV should reach about 2000MW in the capacity generation mix by 2025 .
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