Industrial LNG storage tanks
which has been successfully tested at the facility . At 2.5 mmscfd , the facility is strategically positioned to mimic real processes at a reduced rate and scale , hence lowering the overall cost of technology development .
Under normal gas blowdown conditions , lump methodology is commonly practiced . However , a facility processing high CO 2 gas requires segmentation of the plant before blowdown can be executed to ensure no solid formation within the plant , causing hazards . Commercial softwares have undertaken CO 2 blowdown simulation which was not validated with experimental data . In this context , the pilot facility is able to provide the required experimental data and thus validation of required software for field applications . In addition ,
CO 2 blowdown simulation which leads to solid formation during emergency depressurisation has been validated using this facility . Based on the results , CO 2 solid mitigation strategies , such as the implementation of heat tracing at critical segments , identification of blowdown locations , and segmentation of the pilot facility into critical and non-critical sections , have been established .
These strategies could lead to potential cost saving in heat tracing of up to 50 % ( approximately USD0.5 million and 0.1MW / 100m ), and mitigation of fire and explosion risks , which could be lead to total facility loss ( amounting to approximately USD1 billion for a 200 mmscfd facility ) or production loss ( amounting to approximately USD1.84 million / day for a 500 mmscfd facility ). The blowdown strategy developed by PETRONAS has won the Society of Petroleum Engineers ( SPE ) Regional Award for Health , Safety , Security , Environment ( HSE ) and Social Responsibility in 2017 and will be implemented into API 521 .
Operating in cryogenic temperature and high pressure requires the highest level of safety in this facility . Hence , prior to commissioning and testing activities , all required heath safety and environment activities were completed , witnessed and endorsed by PETRONASHSE leaders . A hazard and operability study ( HAZOP ), and hazard identification ( HAZID ) and related job hazard analysis were carried out according to PETRONAS HSE requirements . All engineering works were conducted as per PETRONAS Technical Standards
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