Connectivity Framework
7 : Connectivity Standards
For more details and to determine the suitability of CoAP for a specific set of system requirements , please refer to the assessment template ( see chapter 6 ) in Annex E .
7.2.3 MQTT ( FORMERLY MQ TELEMETRY TRANSPORT )
MQTT is an open connectivity transport standard , maintained by OASIS . It requires the TCP transport .
MQTT is generally used in the information domain ( Figure 1-1 ). It targets device data collection . As the name indicates , the main purpose is telemetry or remote monitoring . Its goal is to collect data from many devices and transport that data to the IT infrastructure . It targets large networks of small devices that need to be monitored or controlled from the cloud .
MQTT implements a hub-and-spoke architecture . Typically , all the devices connect to a data concentrator server . The protocol generally works on top of TCP , which provides a simple , reliable stream . Since the IT infrastructure uses the data , the entire system is designed to transport data easily into enterprise technologies . MQTT has also been adapted for UDP in a separate protocol called MQTT-SN .
MQTT is suited for many-to-one data collection . It is not commonly used for device-to-device transfer or for one-to-many data distribution . MQTT is a simple protocol with few control options . Most applications don ’ t need to be particularly fast ; latency specifications are often measured in seconds .
MQTT targets applications such as monitoring an oil pipeline for leaks or vandalism , that require message feeds from thousands of sensors to be concentrated into a single location for analysis . When the system finds a problem , it can take action to correct that problem . Other applications for MQTT include power usage monitoring , lighting control and even intelligent gardening and agriculture . They share a need for collecting data from many sources and making them available to the IT infrastructure .
For more details and to determine the suitability of MQTT for a specific set of system requirements , please refer to the assessment template ( see chapter 6 ) in Annex F .
7.3 FIELDBUS TECHNOLOGIES
Fieldbus ecosystems are well developed and extensively deployed in many industries . Most originated with special-purpose hardware and protocols . Well-known fieldbuses include Profibus ( Profinet ), EtherNet / IP , Modbus & Modbus / TCP , HART & HART wireless , and the Foundation Fieldbus family . Each has developed extensive ecosystems of vendors and customers .
The industrial internet will bring benefits of common connectivity standards based on the Internet Protocol ( IP ). This is a significant transition ; today ’ s industrial ecosystems use a wide variety of communication and connectivity standards .
Interoperability between fieldbus variants is , in general , poor . Many of these have been adopting IP-based networking models and Ethernet transports . This is improving technical interoperability . Syntactic or higher levels of interoperability are only available with special point solutions .
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