IN South Fayette Winter 2016 | Page 28

SPECIAL SECTION: HEALTHY LIVING Glaucoma: The second leading cause of blindness, glaucoma is a group of diseases that damage the eye’s optic nerve. The risk of developing glaucoma increases with age and if parents or siblings have the disease. During an eye exam, glaucoma can be detected by measuring eye pressure, inspecting the drainage angle of the eye, evaluating the health of the optic nerve and testing the visual field of each eye. Depending on the type and severity of the disease, glaucoma can be treated through eye drops, medication or surgery. u Cataracts: A cataract affects vision by clouding the lens of the eye. Chances of cataracts increase greatly with age, with more than half of all Americans either having a cataract or having had cataract surgery by the age of 80. People in their 40s and 50s can have cataracts, but they are typically small and do not affect vision. Cataracts are detected by blurred vision, faded colors, glare from headlights or lamps, poor night vision, double vision, or frequent prescription changes in eyeglasses or contact lenses. Early detection can improve cataracts through new eyeglasses, anti-glare sunglasses or brighter lighting. Surgery can also be done to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens. u Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): One of the common, but lesser known eye conditions is AMD. A leading cause of vision loss among people 50 years of age and older, AMD affects the macula, the millions of light-sensing cells that provide your eye with sharp, central vision. Age is a major risk factor for developing AMD, with most cases occurring after the age of 60. Genetics, race, and smoking can also affect risk for AMD. A comprehensive eye exam can detect AMD through dilation and testing. Your eye care professional will look for yellow deposits beneath the retina to determine if you have AMD. Intermediate and late AMD can be treated with daily intake of vitamins and minerals that can slow the progression of the disease. Therapy and surgery can also be considered for types of advanced neovascular AMD, which typically results in severe vision loss, to stop further progression. u Hearing Loss and Prevention It is common for hearing loss to occur as you age. According to the Mayo Clinic, about 25 percent of people in the United States between the ages of 55 and 64 have some degree of hearing loss, increasing to one in two people by age 65 and older. Chronic exposure to loud noises and aging are the two main causes of hearing loss, resulting in muffled speech from others, difficulty understanding words, frequently asking others to repeat themselves, loud volume on the television or radio, and avoidance of social settings. Hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear, infection in the ear, or ruptured eardrum. Damage to the inner ear can happen with age, or constant exposure to loud noises over an extended period of time. These cause wear on the nerve cells in the cochlea that send sound to the brain. When they are damaged, signals aren’t transmitted as effectively, causing loss of hearing. Heredity, aging, occupational and recreational noises, some medications, and some illnesses may cause either partial or full hearing loss, but there are ways to treat hearing loss. Treatment can include surgical procedures, hearing aids, or cochlear implants. Preventive measures can also be taken to protect against noiseinduced hearing loss and to avoid age-related hearing loss. Be sure to wear protective earmuffs if you work in a loud environment or if 26 724.942.0940 TO ADVERTISE | South Fayette you are hunting, going to concerts or doing other loud activities for an extended period of time. It is also important to have your hearing tested on a regular basis. Early detection is key to preventing complete hearing loss. Mouth Health Your mouth can tell a lot about your overall health. Investing in your oral health is also investing in your general health. There are several conditions that are linked to oral health including endocarditis and cardiovascular disease. When bacteria from your mouth, or other parts of your body, spread through your bloodstream they can attach to your heart, causing an infection in the inner lining, also called endocarditis. Research suggests that poor oral health is linked to clogged arteries and stroke as well. Keeping tabs on your oral health is critical for warding off bad breath and poor health. It is important to brush at least twice a day, floss, eat a healthy diet, replace your toothbrush every three to four months, and avoid tobacco use to maintain a healthy mouth. Visiting your dentist for regular cleanings can also ensure that oral hygiene is at its best. Heart Health We are all aware that it is important to eat healthy and stay fit for heart health. A diet rich in plant foods and low in processed food and animal products lends itself to a happy heart. Paired with cardiovascular exercise, you’ve got it made for a healthy body. But have you ever thought of staying positive as a way to keep your heart healthy? A research study being done at the University of Illinois shows that people with optimistic attitudes have higher odds of having ideal cardiovascular health when compared to pessimistic people. The study analyzed “the mental health, levels of optimism, and physical health of 5,100 adults ranging from 45 to 84 years of age. Heart health scores—based on American Heart Associationapproved metrics, including blood pressure and body mass index— increased right alongside optimism levels.” So when you’re feeling down, remember that staying positive affects more than just your day, so keep your head up and your heart happy. Digestion Digestive issues affect all of us at one time or another. From upset stomach, gas, and heartburn, to constipation and diarrhea, digestive problems are painful and embarrassing. Some of the most common digestive problems are: Food Intolerance – Often confused with a food allergy, food intolerance allows you to eat a small amount of the offending food without any issues (a food allergy could be life-threatening). Causes include celiac disease, sensitivity to food additives, food toxins, and absence of an enzyme needed to fully digest a food. u Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) – A chronic digestive disease, GERD is defined as experiencing acid reflux and heartburn at least twice a week. GERD affects 20 percent of Americans and can cause persistent bad breath, tooth erosion, nausea, pain in chest or upper abdomen, or it can make swallowing and breathing hard to do. u Hemorrhoids – Hemorrhoids are inflamed blood vessels found at the end of your digestive tract. Often painful and itchy, they are caused by chronic constipation, diarrhea, or a lack of fiber in your u Continued on page 28 >