IN Greensburg Salem Spring 2020 | Page 26

Letter from the Superintendent Dr. Gary Peiffer “In our work today with students, we want to impart upon them the value of team work and the value of working for a goal for the common good that is bigger than their own private concerns.” Dear Parents, Friends, and Students, I t often seems that student academic performance and test scores serve as the focus for all we strive for as educators. While those are important, there are so many additional skills that we want students to develop as they progress through our schools. Leadership, responsibility, civic duty, and empathy for others are all traits that we strive to develop as character traits in our young students. But among the character traits that I believe are the most useful to help students succeed, in college and work after graduation, is that of being able to be a productive and contributing member to a successful team. No one, save perhaps Isaac Newton, succeeds on his or her own. It takes a team of people, from family to friends to trusted colleagues and adults, who help one to achieve a goal. Moving beyond individual accomplishments, the word teamwork is often applied to those tasks that seem greater than the individual, deserving of more recognition and earning more importance than something that could be achieved on one’s own. It is in this sense of working with others for the greater good that I want to touch on the idea of teamwork. And when one thinks of team work, one immediately thinks of... Stonehenge. Stay with me here. Constructed in multiple stages over a period of 1,500 years, Stonehenge continues to inspire wonder and inspiration among people to this day. Silhouetted against the sky on the Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire, England, what visitors see today is the stone remains of the ceremonial center of a ritual landscape that encompassed a much larger area surrounded by burial mounds and other earth works. Many think these rituals involved honoring one’s ancestors and the dead. Stonehenge is made up of rings of blue stones and massive grey sarsen stones placed upright like doorways. They have supporting posts and stone lintels. These doorways are called trilithons. They are arranged in a circle, with the largest trilithons forming a horseshoe shape in the center of that circle. The trilithons and blue stones are surrounded by an earthen embankment and ditch. (The embankment and ditch form the “henge” of Stonehenge.) The henge was constructed first, and then around 2500 BCE, the trilithons were constructed. The size and weight of the sarsen stones alone required 200 people just to move one. The average weight of a sarsen stone is 40 tons. The height of these stones ranges from 22-32 feet. The sarsen stones were not available on site but were at a place called Marlborough Downs twenty miles to the north, while the blue stones originate from the Preseli Mountains in Wales, some 150 miles from Stonehenge. Some estimate that it would have taken between 4,000 and 5,000 days to deliver one sarsen stone from Marlborough Downs to Stonehenge, 10 years to get them all there. Once there, it may have taken over 100 people to raise the stones to upright positions. Using a ramp or a lever with a wooden platform, a lintel could then be installed on two uprights to form the trilithon. Originally, there were 82 sarsen stones to support 10 trilithon uprights, 5 trilithon lintels, 30 circle uprights, 30 circle lintels, 4 station stones, and 3 slaughter stones. In addition, there were 80 bluestones. Today, there are only 83 stones still remaining at Stonehenge. The creation and use of Stonehenge as a site of communal use is more remarkable when one thinks of the team effort needed to create it. In the Neolithic era, there were no power tools, no blueprints, no written instructions, no photos. Yet, someone had to envision what the site would look like. Someone had to share that vision with the others and get them to support it. With crude measuring devices, people had to work together to plot out what stones would go where and how those stones would align with the night sky for the Winter and Summer Solstices. Someone had to organize that team of 200 to move the stones to the site and coordinate the transportation route. To build the henge and prepare the site for the stones, people dug with red deer antlers. They used hammerstones to shape The Greensburg Salem School District pages are edited and compiled by the Community Relations Department. For more information please contact Julie Ebersole, at 724.832.2907 or [email protected]. 24 GREENSBURG SALEM