CONVEYORS
operations . “ This proximity allows for local engineering support , responsive operational and maintenance assistance , and round-the-clock service and emergency support . Customers can rely on PROK Surabaya for direct site support , including technical services , engineering , stock , safety auditing , and rationalisation .” PROK has a long history in Indonesia , having been a key supplier of conveyor equipment and services to the region for many decades .
Martin Engineering on design factors in conveyor loading efficiency
In a recent white paper on this topic , Dan Marshall , Process Engineer at Martin Engineering points out that proper loading and distribution at the point where the cargo touches the belt are linked to the long-term belt and system health , as well as safety and efficiency . “ Sharp and heavy raw material in an unobstructed vertical drop onto a belt is not the only factor that reduces belt life and breaks rolling components . Varying sizes of conveyed material – rock , aggregate , sand , slurry – each present unique loading issues at stages throughout the transport cycle .”
He adds : No two operations are alike . Failure to consider all aspects of design will result in unnecessary dust , spillage , and generally shorter belt and equipment life . When designing a loading zone , engineers should account for several elements : natural material movement , material adhesiveness , material distribution , material interaction with the belt , and bulk density .”
Some chute designs have rock boxes or shelves that slow the descent of cargo but can result in clogging or sudden surges when deposits of material break free . Flat chutes can produce splashing and backflow that damage components and result in spillage , dust , and uncentred belt loading . A curved design better controls material flow and remedies these issues by slowing the descent and centering the cargo .
In some mining operations there are other considerations , such as moisture , magnetic qualities , silica content and the direction of the metal grain on the surface of the chute walls that can contribute to chute plugging and excessive downtime . Systems may not always clog right away ; instead , the weight of buildup might cause a sudden surge that overwhelms the loading zone .
He says it is important to establish how quickly into the chute from the tail pulley the belt
Martin Engineering slide-out cradles reduce maintenance time and improve safety
should be troughed and at what angle . The surcharge angle is the angle of the pile in relation to the contact with the belt after it achieves a stable profile .
“ Improper loading of small sharp materials like aggregate , crushed stone and gravel can produce significant dust and spillage along walkways , fouling the return side of the belt andbecoming entrapped between the skirtboard and belt , resulting in belt damage . Uneven loading can cause the belt path to shift , causing mistracking and creating spillage along the entire length of the system .”
The loose bulk density is the weight per unit of volume of material in a non-compacted condition .
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