IM 2020 September 20 | Page 68

PASTE & TAILINGS 2020 A global, standard approach to tailings, finally! Amanda Adams* from Stantec discusses the new Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management and what it means for the mining sector Only 19 months after the January 25, 2019 tailings dam failure in Brazil, a global tailings standard has been released. During the August 5, 2020, official on-line launch of the Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management, moderator Antonia Mihaylova announced that more than 2,000 participants had joined. This number represents only a fraction of the people who contributed to the development of the Standard, and an even smaller fraction of the people and companies who will ultimately be impacted by it. Stantec’s tailings team has been anxiously anticipating the release of the Standard because it will impact both new and existing projects. Yet during the call, any discussion of the technical specifics was overshadowed by a deeply emotional presentation from the guest speaker, Angelica Amanda Andrade, Community Representative from Brumadinho. She eloquently and passionately shared how the loss of her sister and the other fatalities impacted her, her family and the entire Brumadinho community. Her testament reinforced why this Standard is so important. Her words “economic recovery is possible, life recovery isn’t” were a stark reminder of why the Standard was created and what lies behind it in human terms. What guidance is covered in the Standard? With that perspective the Stantec tailings team took a fresh look at the Standard. One of the most impressive, and complex, aspects of the Standard is its global nature. Before now there have been country-specific standards, such as CDA, MAC and ANCOLD – all which are internationally recognised – this marks the first time that a truly global standard is available. It is divided into six topics; I: Affected Communities, II: Integrated Knowledge Base, III: Design, Construction, Operation and Monitoring of the Tailings Facility, IV: Management and Governance, V: Emergency Response and Long- Term Recovery and VI: Public Disclosure and Access to Information. There are 15 Principles contained in the Standard, with specific requirements under each Principle. Topic III contains four Principles: n Principle 4: Develop plans and design criteria for the tailings facility to minimise risk for all phases of its lifecycle, including closure and post-closure. n Principle 5: Develop a robust design that integrates the knowledge base and minimises the risk of failure to people and the environment for all phases of the tailings facility lifecycle, including closure and postclosure. n Principle 6: Plan, build and operate the tailings facility to manage risk at all phases of the tailings facility lifecycle, including closure and post-closure. n Principle 7: Design, implement and operate monitoring systems to manage risk at all phases of the facility lifecycle, including closure. How does the Standard differ from current practice? At first glance this is incredibly simple – just plan, design, build, operate and monitor the tailing storage facility (TSF) so risks to people and the environment are managed at all phases of the facility lifecycle. At Stantec this is common practice on our projects. There are some key differences, such as the Flood Design Criteria and Seismic Design Criteria. For the Low and Significant consequence categories the design criteria are higher than existing Canadian Dams Association (CDA) guidance. The High classification is similar. The criteria for Extreme Consequence facilities is the 1/10,000 year storm and earthquake. For those expecting to see the Maximum Credible Earthquake (MCE) as the seismic criteria there is a footnote which says “selection of the design ground motion should consider the seismic setting and the reliability and applicability of the probabilistic and deterministic methods. The MCE is part of a deterministic approach that can govern in some areas.” The Standard also explains that “Maximum Probable Precipitation” (PMP) or “Probable Maximum Flood” (PMF) are terms sometimes used to denote extreme hydrological events. The concepts of PMP and PMF are acceptable for assigning flood loading if they meet, or exceed, the requirements above for Extreme Consequence Classification. This will become very relevant for existing facilities with Very High or Extreme Consequence classification which have been designed using the PMP and MCE, and now need studies to evaluate the 1/10,000 storm to see if the design PMP is higher. Specific clarification on which areas are governed by the deterministic approach is not provided. There is also a new requirement which states that if a classification other than Extreme is used for design, “the feasibility, at a proof of concept level, to upgrade to the design for the P16 International Mining | SEPTEMBER 2020 Supplement