IM 2019 August 19 | Page 53

GOLD EXTRACTION hours, with cyanide providing similar recoveries in 30 hours, EnviroLeach said The company currently estimates its process is applicable to over 80% of mining/extraction methods, yet it is working on a new in-situ leaching application that could expand this further. Kell progress In this same feature two years ago, we reported on developments of Kell Process’ hydrometallurgical process, a treatment option for the recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs), gold, silver and base metals from flotation concentrates to refined products on site. Since then, the process, which is cyanide-free and can eliminate emissions of sulphur dioxide, arsenic trioxide and other toxic elements often emitted by smelters and roasters, has been demonstrated in a nine- week pilot program at Simulus Laboratories in Perth, Australia. This 1:1,000 scale campaign supported a bankable feasibility study for a 110,000 t/y plant treating a UG2 Meresky concentrate at the Pilanesberg platinum mine, owned by Sedibelo Platinum. Sedibelo, along with the South African Industrial Development Corp, are investors in Kell Process. At the same time as this, Zimbabwean Mining Development Corp has signed an agreement with the company for a centralised PGM concentrate processing plant. Kell is a patented four step process involving aqueous pressure oxidation, atmospheric leaching, heat treatment and atmospheric oxidative leaching. It typically recovers a higher percentage of value metals (around 94-99% for platinum, palladium, rhodium, gold, nickel, cobalt and copper) than smelter refining or cyanide leaching, according to the company. In addition to the two agreements Kell Process has in place, further test work and engineering studies for Kell applications at several other producers and development projects are being progressed, according to the company. This is for a range of concentrates, including PGMs, refractory gold and silver, copper-gold and polymetallic. Grind down your maintenance costs Efficient cyanide use While there are several trends pushing miners away from the use of cyanide, there is still a reluctance to completely move away from using the lixiviant. Still, whether it be for financial or environmental reasons, all companies using cyanide are keen to reduce the amount they are using: a tricky proposition considering the gold-bearing ores coming into the market are increasing in complexity. The presence of cyanide-soluble base metals such as copper and zinc in gold concentrates are becoming much more commonplace, according to BQE Water. These metals form weak acid dissociable (WAD) complexes with the cyanide and preferentially compete for cyanide, the company said. This typically means that, in order to effectively extract gold from the concentrate, more cyanide must be added to the solution – bringing about financial and environmental costs. BQE Water has taken the SART process, developed and commercialised by Lakefield Research (now SGS Canada), and is applying it to mining projects suffering such problems. As Kratochvil explains, “SART comes in because it avoids the negative interference of base metals in the extraction of precious metals.” SART, specifically, breaks the base metal bond from the WAD complex and precipitates the metal as a commercial-grade concentrate. The cyanide is regenerated as free cyanide and recycled to the gold extraction circuit. Kratochvil provided two examples that best displayed the results of BQE’s SART work to date: “The SART at the Mastra mine, in Turkey, where the process permitted gold production from the part of the orebody, which helped access cleaner gold mineralisation while achieving a payback of less than six months on the SART plant investment. Köppern roller presses have been proven successful throughout the world in plants specializing in the cost- saving high pressure comminution of various ores like iron, copper, gold, diamond, molybdenum and lithium ore. The Köppern Hybridur® tires feature an extremely wear-resistant surface that provides enhanced roller protection when grinding abrasive ores. Köppern – Quality made in Germany. » » » » State of the art HPGRs and wear protection Process technology know-how High plant availability Low maintenance cost Pilot HPGR testing capabilities in Australia, Canada, Germany and Russia For further information please contact [email protected] www.koeppern.de AUGUST 2019 | International Mining 51