IM 2019 April 19 | Page 86

CANADIAN TECHNOLOGY process chemicals, including anionic and cationic collectors, frothers, surfactants, pH modifiers, promoters, depressants, flotation oils and polymers, to maximise lithium grade and recovery while improving cost performance and production rates. “ArrMaz has been able to develop flotation reagents to selectively float either the lithium- containing mineral, or undesired gangue minerals such as quartz and iron silicates, mica, amphibole and more away from the lithium to achieve grade and recovery targets,” the company said. ArrMaz’s new suite of CustoFloat ® flotation collectors are engineered specifically for lithium- bearing spodumene, lepidolite and petalite/castorite ore applications in Canada, China, Australia, and certain regions of Europe and Brazil, the company said. In North America, ArrMaz’s new CustoFloat collectors have delivered 1-2% Li 2 O grade improvement in spodumene concentrate, while cutting collector consumption by one third, ArrMaz said. “The company has achieved similarly impressive results using its new CustoFloat collectors on other lithium resources globally.” ArrMaz lab results have also demonstrated that, with very little sacrifice – or no change – in grade, substantial increases in recovery of as much as 3-6% are possible. “With robust spodumene prices in the $600-800/t range, ArrMaz’s new CustoFloat lithium collectors will deliver millions of dollars in recovery value to a mineral operation’s bottom line,” the company said. Award winner ANDRITZ, and its artificial intelligence-backed mineral processing facility operation concept, was recently named #DisruptMining 2019 winner at an event on the sidelines of the PDAC convention in Toronto, Canada. The company was one of three finalists selected to pitch to a panel of judges at the live finale, which took place on March 3. ANDRITZ, a leading supplier of machines and automation solutions worldwide, won the award through the development of a unique and continuous way of training artificial intelligence to operate a mineral processing facility using ANDRITZ’s digital twin, Goldcorp, which hosted the event, said. “The AI is trained to respond to a variety of situations, making it capable of adapting to changing inputs and improving upset recovery time,” Goldcorp said. The trained AI’s ability to quickly process information and recommend data-driven solutions will allow for the improvement of the operation, such as start-up and shutdown, and assist operators to achieve plant-wide optimisation, the company added. 84 International Mining | APRIL 2019 ANDRITZ beat off stiff competition from Anaconda Mining, which has developed a two- stage drilling method to enable economic mining of narrow-vein deposits, and Voith Turbo, a division of Voith GmbH & Co KGaA, whose IoT application, BeltGenius, creates a digital twin of belt conveyors providing real-time insight into the behaviour of the operation. Canadian contracting Last year saw Canada-based mining contractor and engineer, Redpath, achieve much success at projects around the globe. Among the highlights was playing a major role in the recently commissioned 7,200-panel solar farm at South32’s Cannington silver-lead mine in northwest Queensland, Australia, safely completing the material handling shaft excavation at Goldcorp’s Musselwhite gold mine in Ontario, Canada, and, in the case of subsidiary PT Redpath Indonesia (PTRI), after 14 years of development, achieving the excavation blast of the first production drawbell at the Grasberg Block Cave (GBC) mine. On the latter achievement, the company said: “This represents only the first of more than 1,200 planned drawpoints to be constructed in order to reach full production and foretells the enormous challenges of mining this world-class ore deposit with an equally challenging and impressive block cave mine. The GBC mine will become one of the greatest mines in the world, and everyone that has played a role in developing this mine should feel a true sense of pride and accomplishment.” The GBC is planned as a 160,000 t/d mine and requires a highly efficient ore handling system to support planned production rates, according to Redpath. Ore is moved from the extraction level’s numerous drawpoints via LHDs to a system of ore passes descending to the rail haulage level loading pockets, and then loaded into the train cars. The system permits safe and high productivity levels using efficient automated systems, Redpath said. The total GBC rail haulage system will entail over 20 lineal kilometres of track, three unloading stations, 20 chute galleries and 120 loading chutes. To date, PTRI has completed two unloading station excavations (12 m wide x 12 m high x 45 m long), five chute galleries; mass excavations reaching 8 m in width, 9 m in height, and more than 3 km of train rail tunnels. In total, there will be three crusher chamber complexes in the Grasberg Block Cave mine, according to Redpath The GBC ore handling system consists of primary and secondary crushing plants receiving run-of-mine ore from the haulage level trains and delivering <50 mm of crushed product to the concentrator. The ore is delivered by trains into ore bins and passes through the primary gyratory crushers and onto feeder conveyors to the twin 3-m long, 1.8-m wide inclined conveyors. The material then travels to the surface secondary cone crusher complex and, from there, to the concentrating plant. In total, there will be three crusher chamber complexes in the GBC. PTRI completed the first crusher chamber complex (601 Package) in 2015 with total excavation volumes of more 20,000 m 3 , reaching heights of just over 42 m. The crusher 602 excavation/construction package is currently in progress and on schedule, according to the company. On the GBC production level, Redpath said: “The GBC orebody has a large footprint reaching a diameter of over 1 km, requiring a planned 2,400 drawpoints to cover an area of 700,000 m 2 . The cave initiation approach uses a ‘crinkle-cut’ undercutting system similar to that successfully employed at Freeport’s Deep Ore Zone block cave mine (a previous Redpath project). “The GBC orebody is located directly below the 2-km diameter Grasberg open pit, with the pit bottom elevations only 200 m above the extraction level, according to Redpath. “The GBC project design team selected an advanced- undercut approach, with the leading edge of the undercut located at a minimum of 20 m ahead of drawbelling on the extraction level,” Redpath said, adding the overall footprints are divided into five different production blocks. “To date, PTRI has undercut 4,100 m 2 and will maintain a rate of 1,000 m 2 /mth in the undercut level 2850L. Three solo production drill units are busy drilling the undercut level for the slot and drill drift.” The extraction level (2,830 m elevation) is a Chile El Teniente-style layout in terms of