IM 2018 May 18 | Page 51

VALUE FROM OLD MINES subsequently recovered from solution using hydrometallurgical standard techniques. Bioleaching of refractory gold concentrates in agitated tanks has become an established commercial technology over the past three decades and Mintek is one of the leading technology suppliers. Managing muckpiles CSIRO, OLGA is now being field-tested at Australian gold mines and should see OLGA undergo full product release early in 2019. Mintek water treatment Mintek recently showcased a number of its process technologies associated with tailings. SAVMIN™is Mintek’s cost-effective technology for the treatment of mine-impacted water, including acid mine drainage (AMD). It is a precipitation-based process, operating at atmospheric temperature and pressure, and removes heavy metals and sulphates from mine- impacted water. Mintek says implementation of the SAVMIN technology has the following benefits: n Can treat a variety of waste streams and the process is not limited by the concentrations of pollutants such as sulphates and heavy metals n Can reduce sulphate concentrations to less than 200 mg/litre n Recovery of metals of interest and value n Regeneration and recycling of the key reagent aluminium hydroxide - thereby limiting the operating costs associated with fresh reagent addition n Low electrical power consumption as the process is operated at ambient temperature and pressure n Waste products from the process can be disposed of as a stable waste or, in certain instances, constitute a usable byproduct. Biological Sulphate Reduction is a process to remove metal sulphates from waste waters using sulphate-reducing, naturally-occurring bacteria that are immobilised on a suitable substrate, such as woodchips. The process can be used for the treatment of AMD to remove the sulphates from solution and stabilise the toxic metal ions present as metal sulphides. The NICMembrane™ is a low-fouling ultrafiltration membrane that can be used for the treatment of AMD and mine-impacted water for the removal of turbidity. Metal Recovery through Ion-eXchange (MetRIX™) is a continuous resin-in-pulp ion exchange process for the removal of uranium or base metals from dense slurries. The process can operate with slurries containing up to 50% solids and therefore does not require any upfront filtration. Mintek has conducted intensive research and development over the past 10 years on the recovery of uranium from low-grade uranium slurries. Recent developments in the RIP technology have focused on the recovery of base metals from slurries. Evaluations have been carried out on the recovery of nickel, zinc, cobalt and copper at laboratory-scale, and zinc at pilot plant-scale. Some of the unique benefits of the MetRIX process include: n Elimination of solid/liquid separation steps; the process recovers uranium and base metals directly from leached pulp, consequently lowering the capital and operating costs n The RIP adsorption circuit, Stage 2 of the MetRIX process, is a truly continuous, counter- current circuit, resulting in reduced resin inventory, improved control of resin residence time, and minimise resin fouling and loss due to breakage. Finally, biological oxidation is a process to extract precious and base metals from sulphide- containing ore with the aid of naturally-occurring micro-organisms. The micro-organisms act as a catalyst and oxidise the solid metal sulphides into soluble sulphates. The metals can be First Cobalt Corp has begun a metallurgical study on a high-grade inventory of refinery residue and crushed waste rock material located near its mill facility in the Canadian Cobalt Camp. This study is intended to advance the company's early cash flow strategy by assessing an optimal flowsheet for recovering cobalt and silver. The program will provide further insights into opportunities for early cash flow from processing surface muckpiles from historic underground mining operations. The testing will be done on three piles with a historic resource estimate, prepared before the company acquired an interest in the properties, totalling approximately 6,500 t with average grades ranging from 0.65% to 1.55% Co (non-compliant with NI 43-101). The test work is aimed at elaborating a process flowsheet based on analytical characterisation of the samples, gravity concentration, hydrometallurgical recovery of cobalt and silver, as well as arsenic removal and stabilisation. Success could have broader implications for the ongoing assessment of processing options for historical mine material throughout the Cobalt Camp using First Cobalt's mill and refinery. First Cobalt has partnered with Dundee Sustainable Technologies in Quebec to develop a flowsheet for potentially processing the piles using the First Cobalt mill equipment and the First Cobalt refinery and to understand the benefits of integrating Dundee's arsenic removal and stabilisation technology. IM MAY 2018 | International Mining 49