IM 2018 January 18 | Page 22

HIGH PROFILE A new class of technology In late October 2017, Paul Moore went with Liebherr to the VA Erzberg iron ore mine in Austria for an introduction to the new T 236 100 t diesel electric truck, and quizzed Liebherr Mining senior managers on the technical argument for the design as well as its market entry potential iebherr last year launched the T 236, a new 100 t class truck in an already crowded market, so it had to be a game changer in its technology offering and performance upside. It had already gone through an intensive product validation phase at Erzberg. The tests were designed to evaluate the product using several different parameters, specific function & performance tests for the systems, and structural evaluations. Extreme driving manoeuvres were also used to evaluate operator safety, load stability, and machine performance during this trial which was successful, and the truck during the IM visit was running through its first field operation trials at the mine. What is new about the T 236 is that it has electric drive, traditionally confined to the ultraclass, and that it combines this with state of the art wet braking. With its IP 68-rated plug and- drive power modules it is also safer and more efficient from a maintenance point of view; while the revolutionary in-line electrical power train layout minimises cable length. Finally, the ergonomic T 236 cab and the superior properties of the front wheel suspension system promote driver efficiency with superior comfort, safety, acceleration and handling for increased performance. But for the real insight, here is what senior managers Dr Joerg Lukowski, Executive Vice-President and Dr Burkhard Richthammer, Managing Director, Design and Engineering have told us about the new Liebherr Mining truck... L Q Why the Erzberg mine as a trial location for the T 236? 20 International Mining | JANUARY 2018 BR: Erzberg has an interesting mine site set up for 100 t trucks in combination with the use of wheel loaders. The site organisation allows the wheel loaders to already have the material prepared at the loading spots, and the trucks are running more or less all t he time without much queuing at all, meaning it was a good test site for the T 236 as we are expecting a high machine utilisation. The Mine blends the ore and uses lower tonnage, single row blasts for a selective mining process. The mine also has a number of challenging ramps reflecting the topography, with both uphill and downhill haulage cycles, and constant variation of grade. It also has very variable climate. It is an alpine mine active for more than 330 days each year and has continuous 24 hour operation. The climate conditions can vary from snow with temperatures of -20°C to summer heat, with in-pit temperatures that can reach 40°C. A particularly interesting climate profile is that in a matter of hours, it will intermittently switch between rain and sunshine. This all translated to an ideal challenge for our truck. Lastly, they run a competitor fleet of mechanical drive trucks making for a good comparison from that standpoint. Q What is unique about the T 236 in an already very crowded 100 t truck market? How did you arrive at the decision to go down this design route? BR: It’s a combination of the braking system together with the Litronic Plus Generation 2 AC diesel electric drive in that form and in this truck The VA Erzberg iron ore mine offered an ideal challenge for the new truck class. The T 236 is the first 100 t truck which combines an oil immersed, 4 corner wet braking system with a diesel electric drive system. Other electric trucks that have been made in this class have diesel electric drives but are still using dry brakes. That will only allow them to do the retarding or if you like ‘maintenance free braking’ on the rear axle, which isn’t ideal in wet conditions. In wet conditions, with 4 corner retarding, you are still able operate our machine much more safely than by relying on rear axle retarding. Wet brake lifetime can be up to approx. 20,000 hours and beyond, dry brakes in the case of a lot of use can mean workshop time significantly more often. This is why many mining customers wanted a 100 t truck with wet brakes and why they asked us to develop one to get the maintenance savings on top of the enhanced safety. It also has an innovative, variable hydraulic system that lowers machine parasitic losses to provide maximum possible power for the drive system. JL: And don’t forget we have the other truck models, including the T 284 and the T 264 so have a lot of experience in applying advanced braking systems on those. But to go back to 2012/2013 at the start of this journey, we did an extensive market study that showed first and foremost mines were ready for a 100 t class diesel-electric truck, with the better acceleration and starting, and increased speed on uphill ramps. We started developing two 100 t model concepts in parallel on a feasibility basis; and realised soon that the combination of wet brakes and electric drive offered the greatest potential. Moving forward to today, Erzberg have told us a big advantage of the truck is its adaptability and flexibility in their mine in that to some extent its systems, particularly the drive and torque curve, can be programmed to adapt to changing conditions and changing mine set-up over the months and years, such as new haul road layouts, particularly the ability to handle steeper or shorter ramps. So the T 236 is able to handle a wide range or working environments in a mine with the same high performance. Q Can you go into more detail on the flexibility advantage from an operational point of view? BR: With the electric drive you are completely decoupling the engine speed with the speed on the rear wheels. There is no mechanical interaction anymore, which gives us the freedom to manage and change all the parameters as we want. Same thing with the retarding, going downhill we are able to adjust it required,