IM 2018 December 18 | Page 45

CONTINUOUS CUTTING AND RAPID DEVELOPMENT specifically for platinum mining, according to Anglo. Sandvik, like several companies looking to take some of the conventional drill and blast market share, is applying roadheading technology to achieve improved advance rates in mining applications. During the September quarter of 2017, Barrick Gold’s Turquoise Ridge mine in Nevada, US, took delivery of its first Sandvik MH620 roadheader. The decision to use this technology came after it was successfully applied at the company’s Cortez operation. The MH620 is an electrically-powered and crawler-mounted roadheader engineered to excavate roadways and galleries. The heavy- duty machine has a powerful transverse cutterhead mounted on a robust telescopic boom and is designed to excavate rock with high compressive strengths (exceeding 120 MPa). Weighing 125 t, the Sandvik MH620 cutting the Range Front declines at Cortez is one of the world’s largest roadheaders. A 300 kW cutting motor drives twin rotating cutterheads that are manoeuvred by a large hydraulically-operated boom. Another raiseboring innovation is in proof-of- concept phase at one of Anglo’s operations in South Africa. Epiroc’s Slot Borer is based on proven technology but destined to drill a narrow vein hard-rock orebody of just 1-1.5 m. The cutting system deploys the TBM-style steel discs in a compression cutting mode. It consists of a cutting/drilling machine and a pneumatic conveying system to remove the cuttings and transport them to the conveyor belt. The Sweden-based OEM has also been advancing the development of its larger hard- rock cutting models. While Its Mobile Miner 55V, now owned by Sweden-based contractor Bergteamet AB, is awaiting a new trial, Lyly is confident it will soon be back in the field. “There is a lot of interest from mining companies that want to take this machine. Hopefully we will see it at a mine site at some point during 2019,” he told IM. The Mobile Miner 55V is designed for mechanical excavation and has been developed for deep mine infrastructure. It can continuously create reinforced tunnels with a size of 5.5 m x 5.5 m, down to a radius of 65 m with a flat floor. Epiroc’s Mobile Miner 40V already has a commercial installation in its sights. Lyly told IM that a machine destined for Hecla Mining and the Lucky Friday silver-lead-zinc mine in Idaho, US, was currently being manufactured. This machine is typically used in small- to medium-sized tunnels when an excavation around 4 m x 4 m in size is required. V indicates the cutterhead is placed vertically as opposed to the H for horizontal on the Mobile Miner 22H. The advance rate of the Mobile Miner 40V is 10- 15 m/day depending on rock type. The machine is expected to start trials in Epiroc’s test mine in Örebro, Sweden, by the end of April and then, after dismantling, shipping and underground set up, should start production trials at Lucky Friday in the first three months of 2020. In a conference call on its recent September quarter results, Hecla President and CEO Phillips Baker explained how the company envisaged getting the machine underground at Lucky Friday: “It’s about a six-month process to get it fully underground and then there’s some development that also has to be done to have a place to be reassembled underground.” The machine will enter the mine via the Silver Shaft, an 18 ft (5.5 m) diameter, concrete-lined shaft sunk to a depth of 6,200 ft. The Mobile Miner will be assembled for testing on surface then will proceed underground in 5 ft by 5 ft compartments. Hecla plans to use the Mobile Miner 40V primarily for production purposes to take out the ore, according to Lyly, with the versatile technology being a good match for the narrow- vein orebody the company usually mines by cut- and-fill. Lyly said the trials of the Mobile Miners and input from customers indicated the company should prioritise the actual rock cutting in future generations, as opposed to the back-up systems that may follow the machines. “This makes it more flexible and suitable for mining applications,” he said, adding the company is now looking to develop “smaller and cleaner” machines. Matt Daley, Group Head of Mining, for Anglo American, too, provided IM with the company’s learnings from a long list of mechanised cutting trials. “We’ve learned that technology is not enough. If rock can be cut rather than blasted, mining can become continuous and more productive. However, hard-rock cutting is just one element in a wider process. The secret is to have all the parts of the system sufficiently advanced and integrated,” he said. “Good cutting techniques, alone, won’t deliver continuous mining.” Integration This point has not been lost on the OEMs. Master Tunnelling, a subsidiary of South Africa-based Master Drilling, recently acquired tunnelling expert Seli Technologies as part of a 49:51 joint venture agreement with leading Italian construction company Ghella SpA. The two are now intent on pushing forward with the development of its new Mobile Tunnel Borer (MTB) concept, both in mining and the smaller-scope civil construction industry. Master Tunnelling has, so far, manufactured one prototype that has been commissioned in a soft-rock quarry just outside of Rome, Italy. The exercise proved to be very fruitful, Koos Jordaan, Executive Director of Master Drilling, told IM. “We initially anticipated cutting an estimated 30 m advance. After some 10 meters of cutting, of which the last 6 m were at a 30 m turning radius, we deemed the test to be sufficient. The equipment is currently in the process of site clearance,” he said in mid-November. “During the commissioning, many aspects related to the operation of the system were tested, such as the guidance system, allowing complex tunnel trajectories as well as the assembly of the segmented cutterhead by means of a mobile carrier fitted with an all- inclusive six degrees of freedom placement.” This machine has a full-face cutterhead made up of 17” disc cutters, which are conventional from a TBM perspective, but are in five separate pieces. This cutterhead, like the bulk of the 240- 300 t MTB, is designed to be broken down for transport. This modularity is geared towards enabling existing mines with a decline to transport all equipment into the underground area where it can then be assembled The full-face cutterhead – coming in 4.5 m or 5.5 m diameter configurations – is capable of a 1 m continuous advance stroke and can cut rock in excess of 300 MPa compressive strength. It can also be controlled remotely by an operator, reducing exposure to the mining face. Master Tunnelling is aiming for an advance rate of 6-9 m/d in 200-250 MPa rock, while the MTB is equipped with both ground support and mucking in mind. Drilling and cable bolting can be carried out directly behind the cutterhead while the excavated material is designed to track all the way through the length of the machine and be mucked away by a mobile fleet behind the MTB. While the company is yet to secure a mine trial for the MTB – it is now in temporary storage in Europe – Jordaan said the tie-up with Ghella should provide it with more customer options down the line. “Master Drilling’s ambition is to diversify its service offering through the establishment of a specialised mechanised tunnelling division called Master Tunnelling, as well as pursuing smaller civil tunnelling contracting opportunities, as well as standard tunnel boring applications in mining through TunnelPro with Ghella as a partner. “Through this ambition, we aim to provide value to the industry through increased DECEMBER 2018 | International Mining 41