IM 2018 December 18 | Page 16

SLURRY ENGINEERING/PIPELINES The new Metso test rig can performance test pumps with inlet diameters from 300 to 800 mm. A 600 mm calibrated flow meter allows tested flows up to 9,800 m 3 /hr at a maximum rated pressure of 7.5 bar. A frequency controlled 10-pole motor provides a maximum of 2 MW at 375-750 rpm (50,933 Nm) less spare parts, to support our customers final goal, higher throughput at lower cost. “In our new test rig we are testing the hydraulic performance, we verify and validate the flow, head, power and efficiency of the pump with a larger installed power to manage higher flows and larger pumps. “This has been a large investment supported by the need to deliver larger equipment to the market, the way we see this is as an investment in our existing and future customers.” Examining pipeline costs and reinforcing some of Andersson’s comments, Rafael Lima, Ausenco’s Pipeline Director, explains that “there are several components that make up pipeline operational costs. Generally the main Productive pipelining Slurry pipeline and pumping costs, pipeline monitoring, pump news and more from John Chadwick an E Andersson, Technical Director, Pumps Business Area for Metso, told IM that 15-20% of the total cost of processing ore is typically associated with slurry transportation. “The wear/power ration varies throughout the process with the size of the material; in the beginning of the process, with coarse freshly fractured solids, wear costs are dominating, while towards the end of the process, when the material is finer and rounder, power is the dominating cost of operation,” he said. On average, around 50% of the operating costs of slurry pumps is tied to power consumption, and centrifugal slurry pump efficiency can vary by up to 10% if operated at 50% or 100% of its best efficiency point flow, according to Andersson. J Pipeline velocities Optimising your pipeline velocity is a crucial part of good pump selection. Should your velocity be below your minimum settling velocity, you run the risk of pipe blockage and (sump blockage) and unwanted stops. Conversely, high velocity leads to both high 14 International Mining | DECEMBER 2018 wear and increased friction loss that will increase the power consumption substantially. Monitoring pump performance, therefore, can provide “huge savings on both power and cost of wear parts”, he said. Metso says it is continuously developing and expanding its offering to including larger and more efficient slurry pumps – all offered with a double-adjust feature to improve overall pump efficiency and prolong wear life. As well as developing pumps, Metso has just recently expanded its slurry pipeline offering especially suited for mill discharge, high pressure pipelines and tailings applications. The company has recently upgraded its test rig in Sala, Sweden, to test larger pumps with higher installed power. For instance, it has recently been testing an MDM650 pump destined for a copper mine in South America on this new test rig, equipped with a 2 MW motor. The company told IM: “Not only do we want to deliver larger pumps, we also want to keep delivering pumps that are helping our customers to lower their energy costs, to strive for safer and faster maintenance and the use of operational cost of a mineral or tailings slurry pipeline is the pumping energy. This component is followed by spare parts and then labour costs. “Both the initial CAPEX deployment and OPEX costs must be considered in selecting the transportation means. “The total pipeline energy consumption is dependent on product lift or fall and the frictional loss within the pipe. “Depending on the pipeline route much of this transport energy may be provided by gravity, that is, without any pumping energy demand.” Commenting on Latin American examples, he notes that in Brazil a combination of pumping and gravity are most common. In the Andes region, where transport begins at 3,000 to 4,000 m and flows to the coastal regions, very little or no pumping power is necessary. “In terrain like that found in Minas Gerais, Brazil, the energy consumption usually represents between 60 and 70% of the system operating cost, thus illustrating the importance of having an adequate control of this input. “Generally much of the supply of electrical energy for mineral concentrate pipeline transportation in Brazil comes from lower cost renewable hydroelectric sources; possibly making it a more environmentally friendly alternative when compared to other means of transportation. “As pipeline equipment has a high operational factor, spare parts consumption is relatively low, being below the mineral sector’s normal 3% of equipment cost.” “Another important cost factor to consider is that the necessary pipeline operational staff is