IM 2017 April | Page 47

CANADIAN TECHNOLOGY the data needed on its biological capabilities. Bio-markers appeared every time it was introduced to new mineralogy and environments. It was evolving, and now could be controlled, by feeding it specific nutrients and catalysts along with very specific carbon sources. To create a successful ‘programmable’ bio- technology like this, it took years using all kinds of different metallurgies and combinations of elements to understand how it reacts and survives. It’s described as an incredible technology that can withstand a much wider span of the variables (temperature, pH and oxygen) and thus stays alive longer and increases recoveries and remediation. It has been tested in many different pH levels and temperatures, with no drop in power. And if put in extreme cold, for example, when the nutrients are cut off, it simply goes dormant, and waits for revival. For example, it contains biomarkers for aerobic and anaerobic respiration, so users know when it is running out of oxygen, and will start to change to anaerobic. Thus, during oxidation of sulphides, for example, when plenty of oxygen is needed for it, the organism gives the O 2 data required to ensure its oxidation strength. Bio-Mine noticed biomarkers and tested the organic acids it can produce, and they actually bind with gold. This means a gold leaching system can be built with this technology. Bio- Mine says: “Imagine a single step leaching system for gold similar to that of copper – all environmentally safe with no tailings.” The organism is voracious for iron; it uses it for energy creation and reproduction, so it seeks iron constantly. Bio-Mine now has a sensor within this organism that tells when Fe is plentiful, so users can know it is working on sulphides and other iron complexes. This gives tremendous control over current bacteria “you simply throw in and hope they oxidise efficiently enough. “We currently have it performing tremendous oxidation on a very ‘clean’, non-refractory orebody with only 1% sulphide, something the First Generation Bacteria could never do. “We also identified specific bio-markers for chelation, the binding of the ligand to inorganic metals of all kinds. We can control the metals it looks for in chelation, which is very powerful when targeting metals to release gold or remediation. Chelators are very powerful in the field of recovery and remediation, and this is demonstrating abilities to customise chelation.” This organism also grows quickly through asexual reproduction throwing tiny spores out connected to its parent, which then mature and throw more spores. This creates a blanket effect, or biofilm over its targets. This is very powerful for surface area functions like oxidation of toxins. This technology clearly has great implications and multiple applications. As a final example, last April Bio-Mine announced a result from a simple nickel deposit in the Sudbury basin, and reported “an astonishing result involving nickel as the metal extracted. With very little food for the organism in the samples, our team has engineered a strain of the organism that has released 93% of the nickel contained in the orebody, using only the nutrients and catalysts our team feeds them.” Kurtis Vanwallegham, CEO for Bio-Mine believes dynamic biotechnology “is the only direction mining can go to realistically reach the elusive zero footprint. It's evolution.” Cleanup and reclamation BGC Engineering was another #DisruptMining semi-finalist. In partnership with LOOOK, it has released its first 3D holographic mine reclamation visualisation tool using revolutionary new technology. The two have partnered to transform communication in the mining and geoengineering sectors using Microsoft's HoloLens technology. They have developed a proof of concept application that turns traditional flat engineering drawings and data into interactive 3D maps and immersive landscapes. Today, most earth science engineering is communicated using flat, 2D engineering drawings. Being limited to two dimensions makes it difficult to show the scale and scope of a project. A WIRTGEN GROUP COMPANY Surface Mining = Mining made easy. www.wirtgen.com/mining 4200 SM: WIRTGEN Surface Miners cut, crush and load material in a single operation. WIRTGEN is the only manufacturer to cover a performance spectrum of up to 3,000 tons