IIC Journal of Innovation 9th Edition | Page 7

A Short Introduction into Trustworthiness trustworthiness characteristics, IIC also specified four groups of threats that endanger a trustworthy system, which resulted in the following definition: destruction. Information Technology (IT) security ensures availability, integrity and confidentiality (AIC model) of data at rest, in motion or in use. In industrial systems, the control data used to execute physical operations has a potential of physical damage and requires advanced protection. Systems also need “traditional” security that protects the system from theft or unauthorized access by installing fences, walls and locks or by employing security guards. “Trustworthiness is the degree of confidence one has that the system performs as expected. Characteristics include safety, security, privacy, reliability and resilience in the face of environmental disturbances, human errors, system faults and attacks.” 6 The five characteristics are defined as trustworthiness characteristics and the group of threats as trustworthiness threats, as represented in Figure 1. Reliability describes the ability of a system or component to perform its required functions under stated conditions for a specified period of time. This includes any considerations for physical abrasion, expired software versions, and well-known potential malfunctions that result in frequent maintenance, replacing end-of-life components or software updates. Reliability protects the operation of the system and the system itself, as it is essential for it to be a productive system. T RUSTWORTHINESS C HARACTERISTICS A deeper view into the trustworthiness characteristics identifies the strengths of trustworthiness. All characteristics are defined in the IIC Vocabulary Technical Report 6 : Safety ensures that a system operates without unacceptable risk of physical injury or damage to the health of people and indirectly on damage to property or to the environment. In general, nearly any damaging environmental event (e.g., pollution of soil, air or water) presents a risk to human health, in which case, safety implementations should minimize those risks. Safety does not protect the operation or the system itself, unless it involves human risk. Resilience describes the ability of a system or component to maintain an acceptable level of service in the f ace of disruption. In contrast to reliability, resilience addresses unexpected and unplanned system statuses that can result, for example, from human errors in operation or an environmental event (loss of electric power, earthquake, etc.). The main purpose of resilience is to prevent or at least reduce any serious impact of a disruption to the system by damage or loss of operation. Security protects a system from unintended or unauthorized access, change or 6 Industrial Internet Consortium: Vocabulary, V2.1, August 2018, https://www.iiconsortium.org/vocab - 3 - IIC Journal of Innovation