IIC Journal of Innovation 9th Edition | Page 13

Trustworthiness in Industrial System Design  I NTRODUCTION Trustworthiness in the context of an industrial system is a relatively new term intended to provide a better understanding of the meaning of trust in such a system and how this trust can be approached by the operational user as well as the planner and designer of the system. In general, the definition of trustworthiness by the Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) is quite abstract and academic and of little help for the operation, planning or design of an industrial system. For example, the direct implementation of the five characteristics of trustworthiness into a concrete system is difficult or even impossible because these characteristics interact with each other and do not permit an isolated implementation of each. The five characteristics of trustworthiness are safety, security, privacy, reliability and resilience.   The design of such systems is extremely complex and requires highly specialized designers and engineers: Even someone who has skills to harvest crude oil by designing oil rigs cannot use such skills for processing the crude oil and operating an oil refinery. And at first glance, it is difficult to see what a hospital and a power plant have in common beyond that both are industrial systems. However, these industrial systems share one important common element, and that is a deep-rooted trust between the various stakeholders: T HE L ANDSCAPE OF I NDUSTRIAL S YSTEMS  Industrial systems can be very different in purpose, usage and size. Examples of industrial systems are:    A refinery which converts specific fossil resources into specific elements, e.g. converting crude oil into heating oil and gasoline A commercial airplane to transport passengers from one airport to another An off-shore oil rig to drill and harvest crude oil  A power plant to create electricity, based on natural resources (water, wind, solar) or by consuming fossil resources (coal, gas, oil, uranium, etc.) A hospital to treat the health of sick patients An urban transportation system, under or above ground on rails, to carry passengers or goods from one location to another  The owners, investors and operational users trust that these systems work as specified, are profitable and flawless during their expected lifetime. Neighbors, customers and employees trust that the systems are safe and do not threaten their health or pollute the environment. The government trusts that laws and regulations are fulfilled: e.g., patient privacy standards in a hospital, clean-air directives in a fossil power plant or transportation safety in an urban transportation system. One challenge is to fulfill this trust during the design and the operation of the industrial - 9 - IIC Journal of Innovation