IIC Journal of Innovation 7th Edition | Page 39

A Practical Framework to Turn IoT Technology Into Operational Capability processing capability typically turns big data into smart data as shown by the chevron arrows on the framework diagram (Figure 2). Blockchain is a new generation transactional ledger that is making its way into business and IoT solutions. Blockchain-based “Smart Contracts” as a system of transaction represent new architectures for distributed processes or new applications and business models. “Smart contracts can be used to provide an implementation of a workflow or payment instrument, moving virtual currency around as the situation dictates.” 16 The functionality of operations intelligence platforms can be achieved by combining different standalone integration, ESP and analytics applications, but it introduces additional complexity in the solution architecture that is required for an IoT- enabled process application. The objective of an industrial IoT solution is not to have connected assets or devices, but to deliver on specific business outcomes that will improve operations and competitiveness. Creating a shared view and understanding of the desired business outcomes for a specific IoT project is a critical success factor in ensuring that projects are not regarded as failures and move beyond the PoC stage as described in the Cisco survey. The final stage of the value chain integrates the smart data into operational business processes that deliver the desired business outcomes. Gartner’s Pace-Layered 15 application strategy provides some high- level guidance on how to achieve this. It differentiates between typical “Systems of Record or Transaction,” “Systems of Differentiation” and “Systems of Innovation.” The latter tend to apply to the POC phase of IoT applications and once the innovation is established it can be integrated into the day-to-day business workflows to provide a system of differentiation. The I2OC framework categorizes business applications into the systems of transaction and systems of differentiation. ERP, EAM, CRM and other COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) solutions are typically systems of record or transaction, whereas custom developed applications and business process management tools provide the differentiation. The IO2C framework categorizes the business outcomes as (1) improved asset performance, (2) increased revenue, (3) reduced costs, (4) reduced risk and (5) improved customer service. These are typical benefits associated with industrial IoT solutions and can be adapted to the specific requirements of an organization. Technical project leaders typically start on the left of the value chain with the assets and sensors, while business leaders tend to start on the right hand side and define the requirements in terms of the expected 15 https://www.gartner.com/binaries/content/assets/events/keywords/applications/apn30/pace-layered-applications-research- report.pdf 16 http://www.chainfrog.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/smart-contracts.pdf - 38 - March 2018