IIC Journal of Innovation 2nd Edition | Page 51

Manufacturing – Opportunities for Innovation CPU assembly modules, which complete the final steps of manufacturing. Using analytics software, sensors and gateways, Intel reduced the number of machine failures and boosted assembly line uptime and productivity. In addition, leveraging image analytics to detect defects on the assembly line, Intel reduced time and inspection effort by 90 percent. Examples of current and future scenarios of the fundamental impact of disruption brought about by IIoT include:  Traditional product manufacturers are evaluating outcome-based models. Siemens AG has designed a train-monitoring solution enabling Renfe (the Spanish national railway company) to deliver outcome-based service. Such changes will impact the service and capital expenditure parameters required to determine productivity.18  Traditional roles played by manufacturers are expanding. For example, John Deere has shifted from tractor manufacturer to farming partner, leveraging IIoT. John Deere is an incumbent in the tractor market, but it was not a player in the crop assurance/farm state sensing market.  The intelligence gathered from machine usage and past maintenance data could be used to prepare a JIT (Just-in-time) supply chain. A JIT supply chain could bring the spare requirement to near zero. The manufacturer could participate in JIT by supplying the product to the destination as and when it is required. For example, Zara has implemented radio-frequency identification (RFID) tracking of inventory and expects to complete the shift to wireless inventory in 201619.  Aggregation and analysis of data across a product’s life cycle can increase the uptime of production machinery, reduce time to market and gain further insights from buyer behavior20.  Capital expenses could be reduced by dynamically sharing data with the finance organization enabling them to provide floating rate loans or incentives for capital usage, leading to usage-based insurance of the assets.  Real-time pricing simulations leveraging actual factory data can drive differential product pricing based on predictions of new product quality.  New designs, eliminating human exposure to dangers, are possible to address the challenges of production in unsafe environments, such as areas containing hazardous 18 Data analytics for smart railways, Accessed on 12 June 2016, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/data-analytics-for-smart-railways/article8442289.ece (April 2016) 19 Brian Hartmann, William P. King, and Subu Narayanan, Digital manufacturing: The revolution will be virtualized (August 2015), Accessed on 12 June 2016, http://www.mckinsey.com/business-fu