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Fig . 3 : LiDAR basic principle
While the usage in tracking occupancy is relatively new , one advantage of LiDAR based occupancy tracking is that it will help monitor the space without capturing the identity of the person being tracked . This could be a huge advantage in applications where privacy of the individual being tracked is of concern . The range of the LiDARs varies from a few feet to up to 200 feet . They are typically mounted on the ceiling or set up on a shelf high enough to get the desired range .
Another defining feature of LiDARs is the ability to resolve between objects that are very close to each other as compared to other sensing technologies . LiDARs work indoors and outdoors , in varying degrees of lighting and darkness , and are very reliable in reporting of occupancy . However , the range is limited by any obstructions in its path . LiDARs cannot detect objects behind walls or columns .
LiDARs are considered to be generally expensive compared to other technologies , and indeed they are when we look at it on a per LiDAR basis . But when looked at from a per square foot perspective , as it is done in commercial real estate , the price is quite competitive compared to other technologies . 9 This is due to the fact that the LiDARs offer a range of visibility that is not matched by other sensing technologies .
Recent developments in miniaturization , power efficiency and a move towards solid state electronics ( as opposed to mechanically rotating parts ) are contributing to a more price efficient set of LiDARs . Early deployments have been in areas where the coverage can be maximized , e . g ., airports , conference centers , libraries etc .
The general principle of operation of LiDARs for occupancy tracking is as follows : scanning to create a point cloud of the environment around the LiDAR . Then these point clouds are enhanced
9 The price of LiDAR was calculated using examples of some LiDARs on the market and the range they cover in
square feet . The same calculation was performed for installation of other technologies including cameras and PIR sensors whose per device price is lower than a LiDAR ( in general ) but the range they cover is a lot lower as well .
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