IIC Journal of Innovation 12th Edition | Page 50

Creating Cities of the Future with Digital Twin Technology uncertainty. These fluctuations stress the local grid infrastructure and overpower the system. To overcome the negative impact of the intermittency of renewable power and to enable more accurate load forecasting, material scientists are urgently and actively exploring methods to cost effectively bank power from renewable energy resources. 8 M AKING THE S WITCH TO R ENEWABLE E NERGY When communities generate and use renewable energy, the demand for fossil fuel energy drops. This means that less fossil fuel gets burned and fewer pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere. Reducing the burning of fossil fuels reduces nitrogen oxides which contribute to air pollution through the formation of smog and acid rain. Transforming the energy system of an entire region can be intimidating. Exactly how should a mayor or city planner close the gap between ambitious goal setting and the actual work of transforming the energy system? While the desired metrics are clear and infrastructure solutions exist, the path to successful implementation could be straightforward if made from scratch, but it isn’t as obvious when we need to transform an existing infrastructure. Adding renewable energy to existing grid infrastructure poses a unique set of challenges. In addition to the significant load balancing and power forecasting considerations, expanding renewables requires planning, permitting and program and policy design—particularly given a key goal for C40 mayors is providing renewable energy resources equitably across all income households, but especially focusing on underserved groups. Inadequate or ineffective network planning could derail a city’s renewable electricity future. All involved in the effort to decarbonize the grid agree that time is limited for designing a practical and reliable solution to mitigate the environmental impact of pollution. Progressive government leaders including the C40 mayors, a coalition of mayors from cities around the world, are setting policies and sending market signals to technologists and private entities. Scientists are urgently focused on material science research toward developing a cost-effective solution for storing and dispatching several days’ worth of renewable energy, and public and private partnerships are being established to promote adoption of clean energy across all socioeconomic groups. A component still missing from all these efforts is an adaptable and user-friendly open planning tool that enables the leadership in a given community to incrementally add renewable resources to the energy system in a technically, operationally and socially feasible manner. Though the task seems daunting, industry innovators recognize a number of advancements in technology that may be 8 NPR. July 22 2019. https://www.npr.org/2019/07/22/744206049/a-new-battery-could-be-key-to-cutting-carbon-emissions- slowing-climate-change IIC Journal of Innovation - 45 -