IIC Journal of Innovation 12th Edition | Page 10

A Short Introduction to Digital Twins Figure 3: Digital Twin Composition (XMPro) The relationships between digital twins in an assembly are typically:   Hierarchical: Just like their real-world counterparts, a set of component digital twins can be assembled into an equipment digital twin, a set of equipment digital twins can be assembled into a production line digital twin, a set of production line digital twins can be assembled into a factory digital twin—and so on. Associational: There are associations between digital twins, similar to their IIC Journal of Innovation  - 5 - real-world counterparts. A gas pipeline digital twin is associated with its gas production and consumption equipment digital twins. Peer-to-peer: The peer-to-peer relationship is observed in a group of equipment of same or similar types which perform the same or similar functions. The total effect of all the equipment is the simple sum of the outcome produced by each piece of equipment.