IIC Journal of Innovation 11th Edition | Page 71

So, you think you have an AI strategy? Think again. Figure 9: Expected Demand for EV Battery Ingredients AAA 32 , the time wasted from driving or waiting in car lines is approximately 300 hours per person per year. In the USA alone, this adds up to 4B hours per year of wasted time going from point A to point B. Similarly, as described in Figure 10, the British Parking Association and Visa estimate the average British driver spends 91 hours looking for parking and 18 hours in lines for a total of 109 hours per year per person. By reducing or eliminating this waste of time, AVs stands to increase the productivity of citizens across geographies where traffic and congestion are issues. Another challenge is how to properly recycle or dispose of EV batteries. “However, in the EU as few as 5% of lithium-ion batteries are recycled. This has an environmental cost. Not only do the batteries carry a risk of giving off toxic gases if damaged, but core ingredients such as lithium and cobalt are finite and extraction can lead to water pollution and depletion among other environmental consequences.” 31 Step 6 - What is the impact of AV to quality of life and economics? AV stands to drastically improve productivity. For example, according to 31 https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2017/aug/10/electric-cars-big-battery-waste-problem-lithium-recycling 32 https://newsroom.aaa.com/2016/09/americans-spend-average-17600-minutes-driving-year/ - 67 - June 2019