iHerp Australia Issue 4 | Page 23

Above and right (video): The same group of saperas previously encountered in Jaipur. Notice how they seem to be paying scant regard to the snakes. Image and video by John & Lala McGrath. had reminded me that I should have obtained some video, so there was an additional motive for the search. As luck would have it, there were the same three pathetic individu- als. My wife took some video, and they again entreated me to sit for photos, which I declined since I had already done so a few days earlier. Obviously thinking that my refusal was based upon some element of trepidation, they quickly exclaimed, ‘No poison, no poison!’ Any lingering doubt had been removed; their snakes had been butchered too. A few days later, I asked Indian herping legend Rom Whitaker whether he believed it possible that there any snake charmers who did not mutilate their animals as a safeguard to deprive them of the ability to deliver a venomous bite. He agreed that the cobra was the ideal snake for the purpose, if you were to depend upon skill and training alone, but thought it highly unlikely that there were any ‘responsible’ saperas who did not disable the venom-delivery apparatus in some way. Certainly, the claims from the Bedia Federation that its members would never harm their snakes are unconvincing and difficult to substantiate. In 2015, Wildlife SOS in conjunction with local police and the Indian Forest Service confiscated a total of 33 snakes (27 of which were cobras) from snake charmers during a raid in the city of Agra. All were in very poor condition, with stitched mouths, broken fangs and mutilated venom glands. So whilst snake charming provides an intriguing spectacle, and there may be a temptation to believe there is some genuine interaction between sapera and snake, the inescapable truth is that it is almost certainly always based upon an ‘insurance policy’ of removing the venom by crude acts of cruelty. I have to admit to being disappointed that this was borne out by my research, especially since, ironically, it need not be the case. Few will mourn the demise of the last performing saperas, however, this will undoubtedly also result in prolonged hardship for a large group of people unskilled in any other vocation. Further Reading. http:// www.npr.org/2011/08/08/139086119/in- india-snake-charmers-are-losing-their- sway https://www.egofelix.com/truth-behind- snake-charming/ http://wildlifesos.org/blog/taking-the- charm-out-of-snake-charming/ https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=xXTuLJ9MJvE https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=G4EIEnIidjc https://www.treehugger.com/corporate- responsibility/snake-charmers-protest-for- their-right-of-tradition.html https://www.dawn.com/news/735840 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/ worldnews/asia/india/4601043/Indias- snake-charmers-form-union-to-defy- ban.html