iHerp Australia Issue 4 | Page 19

or beads. The snakes are carried allowing themselves to be bitten appear within days, so the in pots or shallow baskets, and (intriguingly, the Pakkoku people snakes must be checked when a suitable location is found, of Burma also tattoo their bodies regularly and new fangs the snake charmer sits cross- on a weekly basis using a mixture extracted on an ongoing basis. legged in front of one of these of ink and venom, however, any Alternatively, large portions of the containers, lifts the lid, and then beneficial effects are unproven), jaw bone may be excised to begins to play an instrument snake charmers have become prevent this occurrence. This called a pungi (which is rather notorious for avoiding the again deprives the snake of the like a recorder with a bulbous possibility of a dangerous bite by ability to feed and digest prey part fashioned from a gourd), subjecting their charges to a items, and is likely to result in a swinging it from side to side. variety of barbaric practices. fatal infection. In some areas, Whilst cobras are preferred in Sometimes the snake’s mouth is snake charmers rub a herbal India, the species of preparation onto ‘ Snake charmers have snake used depends on their animals’ bod- local availability (snake ies, or place it into become for charmers traditionally their mouths. This is subjecting their charges to designed to render used to procure their specimens from the the snakes lethargic a variety of wild, however it is now or paralyse the jaw .’ more common to muscles. source them from mid- dle men). Pythons and Mangrove sewn shut (even for nonven- Not surprisingly, given these acts Snakes are also used, and in omous species), often with a of cruelty, many snake charmers North Africa various viperids, small opening left for the tongue evidently view their snakes as including the Horned Desert to flick in and out. Although at expendable and make little Viper and the Puff Adder, are least in theory the stitches could pretence of looking after them. commonly employed. be removed periodically, allowing They are often kept permanently the animal to feed, it appears that in their small pots or baskets it is normally consigned to death without access to food or water, Some sinister facts. by slow starvation or infection. and failing any other cause of However, unlike Australia’s early The fangs and venom glands are death, will eventually succumb to snake men, who often relied also often crudely destroyed or dehydration and starvation. This upon inuring themselves to the removed, but replacement fangs may have given rise to the belief effects of venom by regularly notorious barbaric practices