UV output, however the provision of both UVB and
bright, full-spectrum white light is important. UVB can
be delivered using either a compact E27 screw-in
light source or a T5 tube. UVB lights come in a range
of strengths and an output of approximately 5.0 is
recommended for amphibians. Keep in mind that the
gauge of mesh on the lid, the type of UVB light
source used and the overall height of the enclosure
can all impact on the effectiveness of UV penetra-
tion. Frogs require plenty of cover and areas to
retreat to in order to regulate their exposure to UV
light.
A bioactive enclosure should also incorporate full-
spectrum, plant growth lights. There are a number of
high-quality LED plant growth lights now available in
Australia. All lights must controlled by a timer and set
to run for approximately 12 hours each day.
Moisture and Humidity.
Frogs are capable of breathing and absorbing water
through their skin and require relatively high levels of
moisture and some humidity. This can be provided
through the use of a large water dish that is cleaned
and refilled daily, regular misting, or by incorporating
running water inside the enclosure. Any fresh tap
water must be treated with an aquarium water
conditioner prior to use to ensure chlorine and heavy
metals are removed. Paludarium-style enclosures
with running water must have adequate filtration and
regular water changes should be carried out to
ensure safe water quality is maintained.
Automatic misting and fogging systems with in-built
timers are available to assist in maintaining correct
moisture and humidity levels. Excessive humidity
may result in fungi and bacterial issues, so the
correct balance, with adequate ventilation, is crucial.
General Maintenance.
Minimal cleaning is required in a bioactive
system as the clean-up crew will do most of
the hard work for you. It’s amazing to watch
the springtails, slaters and earthworms
completely break down a frog poo, so that it
disappears into the soil in under 24 hours. If
a plain substrate is used, regular spot clean-
ing must be carried out to remove any faeces
or uneaten insects.
Frogs are extremely sensitive to chemicals
and contaminants in their environment. Do
not use any chemical disinfectants on water
bowls or ornaments, and take care to avoid
spraying aerosol cans or deodorants near a
frog enclosure. Frogs generally do not