IEEE BYTE VOLUME-3 ISSUE-1 | Page 5

Malware​ ​for​ ​dummies

By​ ​Kamini​ ​Budke , ​ ​SE​ ​EXTC
In​ ​the​ ​middle​ ​of​ ​your​ ​binge​ ​session , ​ ​a​ ​dialogue​ ​box​ ​pops​ ​up​ ​with​ ​an​ ​ominous​ ​ ‘ ding ’ ​ ​ ​on your​ ​laptop . ​ ​There​ ​are​ ​three​ ​or​ ​four​ ​lines​ ​of​ ​complete​ ​computer​ ​gibberish . ​ ​You​ ​can ’ t​ ​close​ ​this dialogue​ ​box . ​ ​You​ ​can ’ t​ ​store​ ​your​ ​work​ ​and​ ​restart . ​ ​It ’ s​ ​as​ ​if​ ​your​ ​computer​ ​is​ ​mocking​ ​you​ ​by displaying​ ​a​ ​jargon​ ​yet​ ​you​ ​are​ ​left​ ​with​ ​no​ ​choice​ ​but​ ​click​ ​ “ okay ” ​ ​at​ ​the​ ​end . ​ ​Something​ ​seems to​ ​you​ ​taken​ ​over​ ​the​ ​control​ ​of​ ​your​ ​laptop​ ​and​ ​you​ ​must​ ​surrender​ ​to​ ​its​ ​demands . ​ ​What​ ​is​ ​it though ? ​ ​Virus ? ​ ​Malware ? ​ ​Is​ ​there​ ​even​ ​a​ ​difference ? ​ ​Malware , ​ ​as​ ​the​ ​name​ ​suggests , is malicious​ ​software​ ​which​ ​can​ ​harm​ ​your​ ​computer / Device​ . ​ ​It​ ​is​ ​designed​ ​to​ ​damage , ​ ​steal , ​ ​or​ ​in general​ ​inflict​ ​some​ ​illegitimate​ ​action​ ​on​ ​data , ​ ​hosts , ​ ​or​ ​networks . ​ ​On​ ​the​ ​other​ ​hand , ​ ​Viruses are​ ​all​ ​part​ ​of​ ​a​ ​class​ ​of​ ​malware . ​ ​Thus , ​ ​it​ ​doesn ’ t​ ​make​ ​much​ ​sense​ ​to​ ​differentiate​ ​malware from​ ​a​ ​virus ; ​ ​it ’ s​ ​like​ ​differentiating​ ​a​ ​pistol​ ​from​ ​a​ ​weapon .
Viruses : ​ ​A​ ​computer​ ​virus​ ​is​ ​a​ ​type​ ​of​ ​malware​ ​that​ ​propagates​ ​by​ ​inserting​ ​a​ ​copy​ ​of itself​ ​into​ ​and​ ​becoming​ ​part​ ​of​ ​another​ ​program .
● Viruses​ ​could​ ​cause​ ​mildly​ ​annoying​ ​effects​ ​like​ ​damaging​ ​data​ ​nevertheless​ ​also serious​ ​like​ ​causing​ ​denial-of-service​ ​ ( DoS ) ​ ​conditions .
● Viruses​ ​are​ ​mostly​ ​attached​ ​to​ ​an​ ​executable​ ​file . ​ ​The​ ​virus​ ​will​ ​not​ ​be​ ​active​ ​or​ ​able​ ​to spread​ ​until​ ​a​ ​user​ ​runs​ ​or​ ​opens​ ​the​ ​malicious​ ​host​ ​file​ ​or​ ​program .
You​ ​may​ ​find​ ​change​ ​in​ ​locations​ ​of​ ​certain​ ​files​ ​and​ ​even​ ​complete​ ​loss​ ​of​ ​a​ ​few​ ​others however , ​ ​the​ ​host​ ​program​ ​keeps​ ​functioning​ ​after​ ​it​ ​is​ ​infected​ ​by​ ​the​ ​virus . Worms​ : ​ ​Computer​ ​worms , ​ ​alike​ ​viruses , ​ ​replicate​ ​functional​ ​copies​ ​of​ ​themselves​ ​and propagate​ ​to​ ​these​ ​replicas​ ​to​ ​the​ ​computer​ ​base .
● ​ ​A​ ​worm​ ​enters​ ​a​ ​computer​ ​through​ ​a​ ​vulnerability​ ​in​ ​the​ ​system .
● ​ ​In​ ​contrast​ ​to​ ​viruses , ​ ​which​ ​require​ ​the​ ​spreading​ ​of​ ​an​ ​infected​ ​host​ ​file , ​ ​worms​ ​are standalone​ ​software​ . ​ ​They​ ​do​ ​not​ ​require​ ​a​ ​host​ ​program​ ​or​ ​human​ ​help​ ​to​ ​propagate .
It​ ​damages​ ​or​ ​stops​ ​computer​ ​functioning​ ​ ​by​ ​multiplying​ ​and​ ​taking​ ​up​ ​all​ ​the​ ​computer memory .