IDENTIDADES 1 ENGLISH IDENTIDADES 2 ENGLISH | Page 35

The roots of black indigence There are no statistics available in Cuba on crimes involving racial discrimination. Neither is there awareness about the social impact of feeling marginalized or discriminated against. According to Madrazo, Cuban anthropological studies reveal the reasons that create socio-economic disadvantages for blacks. “The race problem as regards indigence looms on a national scale. Those provinces whose population is fundamentally white have a high incidence of black indigence. Indigence is the result of an extensive crisis that drags down underprivileged population groups, among which are black people.” Cuesta Morúa agrees with the fact that increased social differences negatively impact the black population: “There is a growing tendency in Cuba, an increasing Latin Americanization that is directly connected to social inequalities. The more it increases, the more obvious racial differences become at all social levels. Indigence sums the result of structural racism in Cuban society.” Repression as a social policy It would not be difficult for any observer living in Cuba to identify the threshold of discriminatory feelings. Four out of five people that the police stop on the street to ask them to show their IDs or to search are black. Far from promoting social policies for the elimination of poverty, the government represses the public manifestation of its consequences. This solution is based on the police arresting indigents, imposing fines on them, the confiscation of the items they sell, and committing them to psychiatric hospitals. According to the authorities, street indigents “are crazy.” They are even described as alcoholics who invade the city’s business districts with their black market merchandise. For more than half a century, the Cuban government has considered indigence and racial discrimination as vestiges of the capitalist system the revolution dismantled. That constant view to the past is the most indifferent way to find a solution for the social problems that are causing the Cuban nation to disintegrate today. 35