[ gas cooling ] zone , leaving more space around the dispenser for vehicle movements . Furthermore , cold energy can be stored in the heat transfer fluid to smooth out the cooling requirements during refuelling .
° LAUDA Integral XT coolers . Image © Lauda Dr . R . Wobser GmbH & Co . KG
° LAUDA is a family-owned business with headquarters and manufacturing in Germany . They are a global leader in indirect hydrogen cooling systems . These systems use an intermediate heat transfer fluid to transfer the cold from the cooler to the dispenser . ° LAUDA ’ s indirect cooler can be located away from hydrogen gas and the dispenser in a non-ATEX
The cooling requirement at the early stages of filling is significantly greater than during the later stages . There is also a time interval between filling vehicles as they drive away from and approach the dispenser . This means that the cooling requirement is highly variable . The use of an indirect cooler with integrated thermal energy storage allows the cooler to operate at the average cooling requirement , not the peak . The equipment is therefore more compact and less expensive . The maximum power draw is also minimised .
Since 2015 , ° LAUDA has supplied more than 60 SUK indirect hydrogen cooling systems . ° LAUDA
James Joule and William Thomson ( Lord Kelvin )
William Thomson was born in Belfast in 1824 but worked for most of his life as a professor at the University of Glasgow . In 1892 , he was the first British scientist to be given a seat in the House of Lords , at which time he became the 1st Baron Kelvin . Lord Kelvin and James Joule worked together to develop the absolute thermodynamic temperature scale , now known as the Kelvin scale . They concluded that ‘ absolute zero ’ temperature is -273.15 ° C , or 0 ° K . James Joule was born in Salford in 1818 , the son
of a local brewery owner . For much of his adult life , he managed the family brewing business . In parallel , he studied the nature of heat and its relationship with mechanical work . Like Einstein ’ s
William Thomson , Lord Kelvin in Belfast Botanic Gardens , Northern Ireland
theory of relativity connecting mass and energy , Joule made the link between the interchangeability of heat and work . Joule ’ s claims were initially ignored since he had neither a background in engineering nor academia . However , his theory led to the development of the first law of thermodynamics , arguably one of the most profound laws of physics and energy . Put simply , the first law implies that for mechanical and energy systems there is no such thing as a free lunch . Or , what you get out will always be equal to , or slightly less than what you put in .
48 Hydrogen Tech World | Issue 16 | June 2024