Hydrocarbon Processing Issue 03 | Page 10

EXPERT FOCUS MEASURING CO AND CH 4 FOR COMBUSTION SAFETY The primary reasons for controlling combustion in fired heaters are to increase efficiency – lowering fuel consumption and related costs – and to ensure safety. Combustion is optimized by balancing levels of oxygen (O 2 ) and combustibles, usually in the form of carbon monoxide (CO). Zirconia sensors provide accurate, continuous O 2 measurements, and can be paired with a combustibles sensor for a complete analysis solution. However, Tunable Diode Laser (TDL) technology delivers significant advantages over combustible sensors, with a faster response and an average measurement across the process furnace, enabling a more accurate indication of CO and methane (CH 4 ) breakthrough. The realization that a fuel-rich environment (traditionally high CO, but more recently the acceptance that CH 4 can be present) is a potential source of explosions has moved CH 4 analysis from a largely ignored measurement to a key safety monitoring requirement. Servomex’s SERVOTOUGH Laser 3 Plus Combustion TDL analyzer can be optimized to measure CH 4 and CO at the same time across the full temperature range of the furnace from start-up to operation, and customers are realizing the importance of such a measurement. TDL measurements are being built into flame-out protection, specifically the measurement of CH 4 . The TDL analyzer is installed so that a burner flame-out can be detected quickly, therefore enabling greater safety and delivering key information to aid control and shut down processes. Laser 3 Plus analyzers have Safety Integrity Level (SIL) 2 certification, and so can be easily incorporated into control loops and used in safety shutdown systems. They also incorporate “Line Lock” technology to prevent the analyzer measuring an adjacent line if the measurement gas is absent. This ensures that readings are correct and measure the intended gas at all times – a clear advantage for safety systems. When safety is a primary concern, the faster speed of response and the specificity of the TDL wins out over a Zirconia analyzer with an integrated combustibles sensor, especially when coupled with SIL safety assessments. COAL TO OLEFINS A COMPLEX CONVERSION PROCESS THAT REQUIRES GAS MONITORING TO ENSURE EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY With global demand for coal remaining strong, the conversion of coal to a wide range of chemicals is one of the fastest- growing sectors in coal consumption. One of the most important of these processes is the conversion of coal to olefins (also known as alkenes), particularly ethylene and propylene which are key components of the chemical industry. The process follows two stages. Firstly, coal is converted to methanol. Then, using a recently developed technique, the methanol is converted to olefins. These applications are both complex procedures that require a high degree of gas analysis to maximize process efficiency, as well as ensuring the safety of flammable product streams. Servomex supplies a comprehensive suite of gas analyzers to provide the versatile measurements required for these processes. Led predominantly by the SERVOTOUGH range, they deliver highly accurate, reliable and safe measurements, utilizing a wide variety of non-depleting sensing technologies. Combined into a complete system and supported by a global Service Network, Servomex’s expert gas analysis solutions yield highly measurable efficiencies that improve output and ensure safety, while reducing maintenance requirements. SERVOMEX ANALYZER SOLUTIONS FOR COAL TO OLEFIN PROCESSES SERVOTOUGH Oxy 1900 SERVOTOUGH SpectraScan 2400 SERVOTOUGH SpectraExact 2500 An award-winning, safety-enhanced oxygen analyzer designed to deliver accurate Paramagnetic measurements in hazardous or challenging applications. A Tunable Filter Infrared absorption on-line gas analysis platform ideal for continuous flow-through monitoring of light hydrocarbons. A robust Photometric multi-gas analyzer designed to provide reliable analysis in corrosive, toxic and flammable gas streams. SERVOTOUGH LaserSP 2930 SERVOTOUGH Laser 3 Plus Combustion SERVOPRO MonoExact TCD A high-sensitivity cross-stack Tunable Diode Laser (TDL) analyzer optimized for fast and accurate gas measurements in hazardous locations. A full-featured compact TDL monitor providing fast and accurate gas measurements, optimized for O 2 , CO and CO+CH 4 . A digital single-gas Thermal Conductivity Detection analyzer optimized to meet process control and product qualification application needs. SERVOTOUGH Laser 3 Plus Combustion Measurement Specific to CO and/or CH 4 Lower Detection Limit* CO – 1ppm; CH 4 – 0.05% Response time (T90)** <10s SIL assessment SIL 2 * 95% confidence interval for 1m optical path length at 25 o C, 1Bara ** Faster response times available on request, at reduced specification Find out more product data at: servomex.com/laser3pluscombustion P10 See our analyzers across the process OVERLEAF P11