Huffington Magazine Issue 80 | Page 42

DESPERATELY SEEKING SERENITY dipika, dated to the 15th century CE, making it one of the oldest surviving texts of hatha yoga, the yoga of physical exercises. The way we practice asana — usually in a crowded, mirrored room — has also changed over the years to suit modern needs. Traditionally, yoga was a private, personal practice that involved a sacred bond between student and teacher (guru), part of the oral system of imparting knowledge known as guru-shishya paramparya. “In the West, there are streams where this authentic transmission from living masters to students still exists,” Viniyoga founder Gary Kraftsow said at the Omega Institute Being Yoga conference in 2011. “But there’s a lot of yoga that’s made up, modern stuff, with no understanding of depth and meaning of text.” Although the guru-student tradition may have gone the way of the loincloth (which was, yes, the original yogawear), Indian knowledge has been steadily spreading in the West since the 19th century (Henry David Thoreau is commonly said to be the first yogi in America). But the physical practice didn’t really catch on until the “new cultural era” of the HUFFINGTON 12.22.13 1970s, a time of surging interest in both spirituality and physical fitness, Goldberg explains. “Following the fitness and exercise boom in America, it was the physical practices [of yoga] that caught on,” he said. “How do you adapt these ancient teachings and practices, modernize them and bring them to a new culture, without distorting or corrupting them, or diluting their effect?” That fitness and exercise boom — propelled by the emergence Richard Simmons and Jane Fonda as fitness stars, and the at-home video workout — led to growing scientific interest in yoga and meditation. More and more American research demonstrated their measurable physical and mental health benefits, legitimizing yoga in the eye of the public. Today, yoga has come to be seen as something of a panacea for the ailments of modern society — tech overload, disconnection and alienation, insomnia, stress and anxiety. And in many cases, the timeworn technique is the perfect antidote to the modern speed of life that’s created a culture of