Huffington Magazine Issue 66 | Page 67

ERIC BOUVET/GAMMA/GETTY IMAGES THE CARBON QUANDARY as much as 20,000 billion metric tons — far more than the total annual CO₂ emissions from all sources in the U.S., which are on the order of 6 billion to 7 billion metric tons per year. Although some enhanced oil recovery sites are located close to power plants where CO₂ might be harvested, most of the collected gas would need to be shuttled between plants and underground storage sites. Rail and trucks could conceivably handle a small percentage of this, but any realistic CCS system would require HUFFINGTON 09.15.13 large new pipeline networks to be feasible. Some studies have suggested that 15,000 to 66,000 miles of new pipeline would be needed over the next 15 years or so to accommodate the volumes of CO₂ that would arise from a widely deployed CCS program. According to the Global CCS Institute, there are only 36 CO₂ pipelines now operating in the U.S., transporting from 48 to 58 million metric tons of the gas — although the vast majority of that CO₂ is harvested from naturally occurring sources, rather than stripped from power plants and industrial sources. As it is, U.S. coal plants by themselves emit The 1986 carbon dioxide eruption from Lake Nyos in Cameroon that killed more than 2,000 people and livestock gives supporters pause when considering underground carbon dioxide storage solutions.