Huffington Magazine Issue 59 | Page 54

‘STILL NOT FREE’ coverage in 2010, compared with 37.7 percent of blacks. Changes in the criminal justice and penal systems — especially the rise of mandatory sentencing and the privatization of prisons — have created an archipelago of incarceration that has trapped a vastly disproportionate number of black men behind bars. African Americans are 14 percent of the U.S. population, but constitute nearly 1 million of the 2.3 million prison inmates today, according to a recent NAACP study. “If current trends continue,” the study says, “one in three black males born today can expect to spend time in prison during his lifetime.” Education is a more hopeful tale, at least at first glance. In 1975, 40 percent of AfricanAmerican high school graduates enrolled in college; by 2008, that percentage had risen to 56 percent, according to the College Board. But overall, only 16 percent of blacks have at least a bachelor’s degree, a rate half that of whites. After decades of diligent effort and the advent of more generous scholarships, the Ivy League is 7 percent black, still only half the percentage of the overall population. HUFFINGTON 07.28.13 “Diversity can be a diversion.” — REV. JESSE JACKSON Violence remains rampant. Blacks were victims in nearly half of all homicides, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Serious violent crime against black youths was more than twice that against white youths. Violent crime remains a mostly segregated phenomenon in America, a tragic function of proximity, not race per se. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, black perpetrators are responsible for more than nine of ten homicides of blacks; for nonfatal violent crimes, the percentage four out of five. “It is something we talk about all the time in the community,” said Cummings. “I have had mothers tell me they don’t want to bring children into the world because it is just too dangerous a place for them.” So how far have we really come? In 1963, Dr. King declared on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial that African Americans were “still not free.” Five years later, in his posthumously published book, Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or