Huffington Magazine Issue 33 | Page 77

OBAMA 2.O / DRONE WARFARE models the effective kill zone and collateral injury and damage of a proposed strike, can help. “You use the full range of intelligence,” said Army Brig Gen. Rich Gross, who as legal counsel to the Joint Chiefs of Staff reviews strike execution orders. Counting the number of civilians killed in these strikes is notoriously difficult, given that strikes usually take place in remote areas that are often hostile to Westerners. The most careful accounting is generally considered to be that by the Bureau of Investigative Journalism, which said between 558 and 1,119 civilians have been killed in strikes in Pakistan, Yemen and Somalia. In any attack, Gross told The Huffington Post, “there’s a real science involved with what type of weapon system will be dropped and the numbers of people you would expect in that culture at that time of day.” The art, he said, is judging whether the military benefit of a strike outweighs the projected loss of civilian life, as required by international law. The recent use of “signature strikes” or “crowd killings,” which are said to target a group of unnamed and unidentified suspects, HUFFINGTON 01.27.13 appears to violate international law even more egregiously. There is also the issue of blowback. It doesn’t take a detailed military analysis to recognize that having drones constantly overhead promising instant death isn’t popular in non-battlefield strike zones like Pakistan, Yemen and Somalia. Evidence gathered by reporters and investigators in North Waziristan and other sites of drone strikes is that the anger, fear and resentment the strikes leave behind among civilians seems to outweigh any potential military benefit. Such devastating strikes, which kill with no warning, “are hated on a visceral level,” retired general and Afghan war commander Stanley McChrystal said recently. “The resentment created by American use of unmanned strikes,” he added, “is much greater than the average American appreciates.” “The argument that several folks have raised is that when you kill a terrorist, even if you kill no women and children, no combatants, you’re still gonna enrage the population, depending on how it’s done,” said Gross. “That’s a consideration that policymakers always have to struggle with.” Two other problems arise with the drone program. One is copycats. Inevitably, weapons technol-