Huffington Magazine Issue 19 | Page 71

THE OTHER AMERICANS tensions and tempers run high in the queue. Heated words and threats have been exchanged, he says, and guns have been drawn. He also notes that the water, a third of which comes from an aquifer underfoot, with the rest being trucked in from Laredo, is provided by the county at a substantial loss. The coin box generates about $30,000 a year, he says. The cost to pump and truck water there, and otherwise maintain the facility, is more than 10 times that. Underserviced communities like this are found all along the U.S.Mexico border, from New Mexico and Arizona to California, but the largest share of them is in Texas. Some 400,000 Texans call these colonias home. The vast majority— including 85 percent of colonias residents under 18—are American citizens born in the United States. Taking advantage of lax authority on unincorporated county land, developers in the 1950s began creating ad hoc subdivisions outside of city boundaries, often in agriculturally fallow or dangerously floodprone areas. “They divided the land into small lots,” the Secretary of State’s website explains, “put in little or no infrastructure, then sold them to low-income individuals HUFFINGTON 10.21.12 seeking affordable housing.” What the site doesn’t say, poverty advocates argue, is that demand is and has long been high among low-income buyers in part due to a lack of affordable housing inside border cities. And while the Texas legislature has passed numerous zoning laws, beginning in the 1990s, to curb the proliferation of the colonias, the lack of housing alternatives remains a problem. Often enough, colonias residents informally subdivide their own small plots to make room for family and other new neighbors, who plop down low-budget trailers or begin stacking cinder blocks in pursuit of a home. Tangled networks of orange extension cords sometimes crisscross these complexes, linking those who don’t have power to those who do. Just how all of these pockets of need—or those in the Delta, or those on tribal lands—can ultimately be turned around is a matter of great debate. Karl Stauber believes that part of the problem is that per capita government spending has traditionally favored metropolitan areas over rural areas. Given the billions of dollars in agricultural subsidies that arise every five or so years from the Farm Bill, that might seem a flawed assumption, but there’s some evidence to support it, including a