HPE Managing CINV pocket guide 2019 | Page 22

TABLE 1 Selective recommendations of key guidelines related to chemotherapy (continued) MEC Other MEC: None LEC Acute phase: Single dose antiemetic, such as Dex, 5-HT 3 RA or dopamine RA Delayed phase: No routine prophylaxis MiEC No routine prophylaxis AC: anthracycline + cyclophosphamide; 5-HT 3 RA: serotonin receptor antagonist; NK 1 RA: Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist; Dex: dexamethasone; APR: aprepitant; MCP: metoclopramide. managing nausea/vomiting in advanced cancer and NCCN provided recommendations in the latest update guidelines for CINV related to oral chemotherapy drugs. All guidelines have had updated recommendations for preventing CINV in children, high-dose chemotherapy, multiple- day chemotherapy, radiotherapy and for breakthrough CINV, and more details (including dosing of antiemetics) can be found in the uploaded guidelines in the respective websites. We now better understand 22 | 2019 | hospitalpharmacyeurope.com (but not completely) the pathophysiology of CINV. This has led to the identification of newer pathways implicated in the development of nausea and vomiting, including the NK 1 receptors, alongside the serotonin 5-HT 3 receptors and dopamine receptors, among others. The introduction of 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists in the management of CINV in the early 1990s has significantly improved these symptom outcomes for patients. Second-generation 5-HT 3 RAs (that is, palonosetron) have