How to Coach Yourself and Others Techniques For Coaching | 页面 259

young children doing things for themselves
because of time, mess or a bit of risk will inhibit
the development of confidence to initiate,
replacing it instead with an unhelpful fear of
being wrong or unapproved. The fear of being
admonished or accused of being stupid becomes
a part of the personality. "If I don't initiate or
stick my neck out I'll be safe.." (from feeling
guilty and bad). Parents, carers and older
siblings have a challenge to get the balance right
between giving young children enough space
and encouragement so as to foster a sense of
purpose and confidence, but to protect against
danger, and also to enable a sensible exposure
to trail and error, and to the consequences of
mistakes, without which an irresponsible or
reckless tendency can develop.
This crisis stage correlates with Freud's
psychosexual Phallic stage, characterised by a
perfectly natural interest in genitals, where
babies come from, and as Freud asserted, an
attachment to the opposite sex parent, and the
murky mysteries of the Oedipus Complex, Penis
Envy and Castration Anxiety, about which
further explanation and understanding is not
critical to appreciating Erikson's theory.
What's more essential is to recognise that
children of this age are not wicked or bad or
naughty, they are exploring and
4. Industry v

Industry here refers to purposeful or

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