How to Coach Yourself and Others How to Influence, Persuade and Motivate | Página 298

[4]A. Tversky and D. Kahneman, "Choices, Values, and Frames," American Psychologist 39 (1984): 341–350. [5]R. Cialdini and K. Ascani, "Test of Concession Procedure for Inducing Verbal Behavioral and Further Compliance with a Request to Give Blood," Journal of Applied Psychology (1976): 295–300. [6]Alan N. Schoonmaker, Negotiate to Win: Gaining the Psychological Edge (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1999), p. 236. [7]John Mowen, Consumer Behavior (New York: Macmillan, 1993), pp. 81–84. [8]D. Kenrick and S. Gutierres, "Contrast Effects in Judgments of Attractiveness: When Beauty Becomes a Social Problem," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (1980): 131–140. [9]J. Freedman and S. Fraser, "Compliance Without Pressure: The Foot-intheDoor Technique," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (1966): 195– 203. How to Use the Rule of Contrast By reviewing the examples that were just outlined, you can guess the steps you need to take when employing this law. But let's try to simplify the process a little bit by looking at a few different elements of the Rule of Contrast. Starting High As the name "Starting High" suggests, make sure your initial request is really big — not so big that it is totally unrealistic, but big enough that you know you will get a "no." Then, follow this initial request with smaller offers that will bring about the result you really desired all along. For example, fundraising organizations often send letters asking for donations in amounts that are usually pretty high for most people's pocket books. Soon after the letter is sent out, the organization places a follow-up telephone call. The person making the call asks whether the letter was received and then makes a request for a smaller donation. 298